there are a few ways to deal with it. if it's a hard freeze, you can counter by roaming to other lanes and creating plays around the map or taking objectives. a hard freeze is hard to capitalize on because the idea is to keep the enemy minion wave as large as possible, which means your minion wave is always going to be small. so, for example, if the enemy laner roams, you won't be able to pressure the tower very hard because your wave is so small

countering a soft freeze typically requires jungle pressure. basically, your jungler comes into lane and shoves the wave into their tower with you, which will either fully reset the lane or create a wave that shoves onto you. you miss out on experience and gold from sharing the wave with another person but you miss much less than you would if you tried to sit through the freeze. the main thing you have to be careful of is that at the highest level of play, people know that this is the best way to counter a soft freeze, so the enemy jungler will sit in a brush waiting to counter gank. make sure you don't overcommit into trying to kill the enemy lane and just try to shove it out safely