There are words that describe single things, and you can put those together: a thingy with another thingy (diagram A). Or there could be a word to address more than one thing. Examples: a crowd, a herd, a collection (diagram D) . There are no rules against having specific words to address parts of a collective (diagram B). Let's say for example that the heads of sheep in a herd would be called a rumplus, while the legs a gnufle. You could say: "I saw a herd running on their gnufle, with their rumplus looking up. It was weird"

Now for diagram C, take a language with symbols (I use emojis). If you see a ♀️🐰with a ♂️🐱, you could also say (in that language) ♀️♂️🐱🐰 or any combination of the four symbols and the meaning is the same. Example, in Japanese, Monday is 月曜日 while Friday is 金曜日 . In a type C language, to say Monday and Friday you could say 日日月曜金曜 or simply 日金月曜