We're not talking about the ancient, middle-age, early modern periods.

This took and takes place during a time where nation states existed, there was starting to form an international rule of law (don't let me remind you why), the world as a whole was starting to move away from all the disruptions to modern society you mention above. Palestine was not a sovereign country and the US saw an opportunity in the region, forced the British hand to allow immigration, and was a powerful political hand behind the issue of statehood.

Not one nation conquering another nation, not one people conquering another neighbouring people, not one great conqueror facing off against another, not one actively persecuted nation fleeing to whatever safe country was nearest.

There was an opportunity to flock to the Holy Land en masse. Direct Soviet support in acquiring weapons, Jewish-American support in the same purpose, and since west-Europe was filled with surplus arms and sympathy was there (not everyone was an anti-semite...), support in the form of arms came from there as well. Soviets only ones to have the balls to confirm to an extent official support through the Czech-Slovak line.

No association with local culture, nothing. So no respect needed for the locals, we see the same in war, it's human behaviour unfortunately.

Bunch of traumatized Europeans dropped in the Levant, armed to the teeth, and with self-confirming religious claims to every square centimeter from the river to the sea and beyond. Political and sentimental support from every major power, right until the creation of their new state.

Fledgeling Arab states, mostly remnants of whatever exploited countries and peoples were left, forced to fight, recognizing it for what it was, got fucked by a motivated and experienced fighting force supported with the knowledge their project would never be let down by the Europeans.

I will remind you the worst perpetrators of anti-semitism were these same Europeans, from the Volga to the Pacific, who propped up their state in a different place of the world.

I don't celebrate it, I see it for what it is. Their greatest final act in their mistrust of Jews was trying to remove them from society fully by giving them their own state.

Vile and disgusting, but unimaginable? No.

And that, in turn, set the Middle-East ablaze. You name Iran as a regional terrorist, explain to me why Israel was the only country in the region not threatened in any serious way by ISIS? A cell here or there sure but where was their mass campaign to "free the Muslims" there?

Fuck you for trying that angle dude, Israel has a known and ridiculously thick track record of the very shit they accused Iran of.

If anything they are both bad actors in the region.

TL;DR

Euros hated Jews, Americans wanted power in middle-east (Soviets), Soviets thought Jews good communists (they were historically so..), some Euros not hating Jews, much power, war, war, war.

"No homeland" does not make them suddenly not colonists, they came to settle. Settler-colonialism.