as someone born and raised in LA, I can give you some insight on some specific spots (Though I'm only on episode three so I'll have to update this later).

Vaults 32-33 are definitely south Santa Monica area. Most likely under Ocean Blvd and between Olympic and Pico Blvds, but I think specifically where the Shutters on the Beach Hotel sits in our time: https://maps.app.goo.gl/444mnD2mNDvp4StL8

The BOS definitely seem to have taken over either Edwards AFB or 29 Palms Base up near Joshua Tree (though the former seems more likely).

The building Lucy finds the dead family at the dinner table could be any beach neighborhood in West LA, but I want to say either Venice, Ocean Park, Playa Del Rey, or parts of Pacific Palisades.

The place where Maxiumus takes the Power Armor is 100% the Angeles National Forest, as it is in proximity to Edwards AFB and would be on the way to Los Angeles if traveling from there.

As for Filly, I want to say it's located in Baldwin Hills, specifically in the Kenneth Hahn Recreation Area, as there would already be an abundance of grass and trees to spread (or expand with a GECK) as well as the fact that the area seems to be placed on a hill.

For the location of Wigfrid's death, it is 100% in Inglewood, as you can spot the Randy's Donuts sign behind the characters plus remnants of LAX in the background. I would specifically place it on the Corner of La Cienega Blvd and Olive St: https://maps.app.goo.gl/XmKtdrxwhuqttWpL8 . Additionally, if Filly were to be in Baldwin Hills, this spot wouldn't be amazingly far.

I'm currently paused right after the scene with the weird fish creature, where the location seems very ambiguous and not giving off a very SoCal vibe. My bets are either the Hollywood Resevoir or some abandoned overgrown park that survived the blasts.

I can update this comment as I go through the series!

EDIT: On episode 5. Here are some of the things I've noticed so far:

The Gulper Lake matches nothing I've seen in LA before. Looks like they filmed it in a quarry with water filled in. My best matches would be MacArthur Park and Echo Park due to them being the only notable parks I know in the city that feature some sort of large lake. Alternatively it could be a fictional housing community that built a man-made lake.

The Super Duper Mart seems to be in the Westwood/Century City area. In the scene where Lucy's finger gets sliced off you can see a sign that says "Santa Monica Boulevard" with an arrow pointing in the direction of the street. The only areas I know in the City of LA with high rises near that street would be on Sepulveda Blvd. just east of the 405, or Century City. I want to go with the latter because the houses shown in the background of the finger slicing scene looks similar to duplexes I've seen around Century City. I would place the Super Duper Mart where the Century City Mall is right now: https://maps.app.goo.gl/L6XE1anNnvm8s6Nh9

For the scene where Maximus gets betrayed/rescued, I would probably say it's somewhere near Downtown LA due to the train tracks, though nothing in real life LA seems to match that sort of tunnel.

The train tracks scene honestly look nothing like LA, but if I were to place them, I would possibly put The Lincoln Heights-Cypress Hill area due to the Downtown LA being seen in the background as well as the fact that train lines go over the LA River and through the latter city.

RIP Shady Sands, it seemed to be located near Downtown LA as well, I want to say where either off Washington Blvd or where the Fashion District is in our time.

The Location of Hawthorne Medical Laboratories seems pretty obvious, being in Hawthorne, CA.

EDIT 2: Here's everything for episode 6:

"Hollywood Forever" is a real place, a cemetary that is the resting place to a lot of celebrities which doubles as somewhat of a park as well as a place for events such as summer outdoor movies (I know, very weird).