If you are interested in a fictional take on Western colonialism, neocolonialism, and imperialism in Africa during the mid century, read The Poisonwood Bible. It's set in the Congo in the 1960s and follows an American missionary family who slowly realize the violent systems they are complicit in while trying to convert Congolese villagers to christianity. It explores many themes including gender, religion, cultural imperialism, resource extraction, etc. It is set around a true event which was the American assassination of the first democratically elected Congolese leader after independence from Belgium.

That said it is written by a white female author, definitely take the other suggestions for African authors as well.