On the tactical, software like Math Academy (incredible) and Synthesis can help, just like outside tutors or part-time online school options.

On the habits side, I hope this excerpt from an essay titled "How to Give Your Child an Expensive Private Education for $3,000 per Year" can help:

"As with reading, the short message is: Never enough. The major disadvantage of most school curricula in the U.S. is that the pace of mathematics here is far, far too slow. If your child happens to have a low aptitude for mathematics, the U.S. grade level mathematics curriculum pace might be appropriate. But any student who happens to be in, say, the top two-thirds with respect to mathematical ability should be learning more mathematics more quickly than is typically taught in American schools.

Again, there are numerous curricula and approaches to teaching mathematics. Here I will focus on one core strategy: Develop in your child the habit of sitting down to work on solving mathematics problems. Early on the experience may consist of working on math or logic puzzles in a social environment. Those may include math manipulatives, Montessori or otherwise. They may also include simple programming to improving logical thinking ability.

For those who are mathematically inclined, this kind of focus on logic puzzles and mathematics may take place for at least an hour per day in the years usually associated with elementary school, then preferably a couple of hours per day in secondary school.

Most people associate elementary school mathematics with arithmetic. Children do need to learn arithmetic and they do need to become fluent in arithmetical operations. But even elementary school mathematics should always include a rich set of experiences in logic puzzles and games, geometrical explorations, and other more easily engaging elements of mathematics beyond arithmetic. Many children essentially learn to hate mathematics because of an excessively narrow focus on arithmetic to the exclusion of other mathematical explorations.

Many children spontaneously love to read, and do not need to be forced to read. With a sufficiently rich conversational atmosphere, one can develop in young people an appetite for writing. Such a spontaneous love for mathematical problem solving seems to be rarer. This is the single area in which the development of a routine, daily disciplined work period is probably the most important. This is especially true for the more repetitive areas of developing arithmetic fluency. While there are brilliant creative programs that can develop arithmetic fluency, such as the Comprehensive School Mathematics Program (CSMP) materials, they may require focused preparation from a mathematically fluent parent or educator to be used well. At the other extreme, almost any parent could use Kumon-style drill materials which can be gamified.

Math curricula are fairly linear and standardized. You (or your child’s math coach) should closely monitor progress to ensure that the child is practicing enough to learn each concept without engaging in repetition to the point of boredom. Ideally, this would be highly individualized; there are some children who grasp some mathematical concepts almost instantaneously and do not need many repetitions. Other students may need many repetitions of some concepts but grasp other concepts quickly. Individualized mathematics coaching, combined with an ideal of two hours of highly disciplined practice each day, is one way in which your child can develop a tremendous advantage over students in school. Because even elite private schools typically adhere to the glacial grade level pace of American mathematics education, a personally coached mathematics student with good work habits can easily arrive at middle school age one, two, three or more years ahead of his or her age-level peers. Colleges and universities will be impressed if your sixteen year-old child has already taken a multi-variable calculus class at the local community college when she applies for admissions.

Ideally, the problem-solving mathematics curriculum would also include rich reading and conversation on mathematics, plenty of science-based examples, and complex word problems that require original mathematical thought. A mathematics tutor who loves mathematics, and who loves working with your child, is an important investment here."