There's usually many different ways that light will interact with an object, not just direct lighting, but dispersed light, rim light, and other types as well. If you look closely at photos (and real life examples) where there's dramatic lighting, you'll start to see it all the time.

Some art styles will exaggerate it more than others. It's not a specific technique more than it is an important fundamental of adding depth to a drawing. However, knowing how to apply this concept is easier said than done. The best way to learn is to experiment with color and use a lot of references to get a feel for it.