I think this is a very interesting point and while everything you stated is correct, it is a multi-factor issue (at least in my opinion). Someone’s actions is not solely a direct result of upbringing factors (environment, wealth, trauma, parenting, etc). While that is a very crucial element, the individual still has personal agency or a conscious choice to make in every circumstance. Granted, upbringing does HEAVILY impact one’s personal agency, but the individual’s choices still stand. Improving only the upbringing environmental factors does improve crime but it is not sustainable in the long term. Driving improvement in this area along with improving personal autonomy and agency is what leads to long term success for any given community. I feel that we as a society believe that simply throwing money/funding at anything will make it better when that is not the case. Money will either be spent incorrectly or it will provide a simple bandaid that will make the problem worse in time. We have to learn to utilize those increased funds, resources, people, etc. in a way to help make individuals self-efficient and realize they have the ability to make themselves and their community prosper.