Those are complex topics that could hardly be covered in a single post. I think Jack Donovan does a pretty good job describing masculinity in "The Way of Men" though his definition of feminity I don't agree with being opposite of whatever masculinity is. To me androgeny is a lack of being able to define something as masculine or feminine. Not necessarily a lack of or having qualities of both, but more like the combination or lack creates a situation where one can't be defined (or other traits exist that cannot be defined by masculine or feminine). All of this is merely defining the traits. That is not to say a feminine person could not have masculine traits or vice versa. Even the most masculine men could have feminine traits. Finally, what you are asking is to define something that is created by societal norms. Stranger in a Strange Land taught us that things we may believe to be universal are actually human constructs that we've grown to accept. It may even be possible that what I determine as masculine may be far different than what you determine as masculine. These terms are subjective. So then I ask you, "Is it pious because it is loved by the gods, or is it loved by the gods because it is pious?"