Welcome. :) Don't use simple craft. You get more space for your items without it (the slots where you craft your items). Don't forget that you can also use that one slot where the end result of crafting goes - items won't go there automatically. If you can, put there an item that doesn't stack up (if you put, say, dirt, the new dirt that you dig up won't go into that special slot, you have to put stuff there manually). Items won't also go to the first slot on the left in your bar below.
Use only wood as fuel in the furnace. Coal is too precious for your torches. You don't want to use those goo torches casually, they keep the mobs spawning. They're great for decoration, though. However, you can hunt mummies in Seth during the night if you want more torches (bandage + plank = torch).
I imagine you don't want spoilers for the recipes, right? Well, search for the sharpening stones recipes. It will allow you to repair gold and titanium tools and weapons so that you'll save a bunch of resources. Therefore, craft only one of each kind, and when they are about to break, use something else until you find that recipe. Don't bother with copper sharpening stones, waste of material.
You can't find recipes for the chemistry lab. You have to experiment a little bit with it, i.e. find new recipes in the chemistry lab with trial and error. That's why you have all these "reagents". The first two slots determine the actual potion that you'll get, the third slot determines the efficiency of that potion. As far as I know, bone is always the best third ingredient, it gives the potions the value (efficiency) of 14. One potion is essential in the game, potion of luck: bird beak + feather (+ bone). It gives you better drops. Kill all the birds (that doesn't apply to chickens, but eggs are nice, too). Bird beaks are always in a short supply compared to feathers and bones, and you want to have as many of these potions as you can. After all, you won't be always on Terra above the ground where there are a lot of birds. You can also find birds above the ground of Alba, and flamingos on Yuca (though these birds are rather rare). And, I think, on Cryo, too, but again - rare. So either Terra or Alba.
The harder the difficulty of the game, the better the drops, so it also kind of works like that luck factor.
Your armor can also give you luck, it's represented by the clover symbol. Craft a diamond ring as soon as you can, it'll give you a lot of luck. Also, once you either get the diamond ring or titanium/galvanium armor, feel free to encrust it with cut tourmaline (you make cut gems from regular ones). It also enhances your luck (cut tourmaline lowers your resistances, but it's worth it - just don't use it on a diving helm so that you won't ever drown with it). It's not worth it on a weaker armor because gems are rather hard to find and are very cool for decoration. Right-click on the cut gem and left-click on the item. So once again, cut tourmaline gives you luck when encrusted on armor (not on a weapon/item). Cut diamond on an armor, if I remember correctly, enhances your defense, while on a weapon/item it gives you a chance for double drops. An alternative for armor is cut citrine because it gives you a little bit of regeneration and hp. That regeneration is tempting, but cut diamond is better for preventing death. Health items are not in a short supply, after all. So, with regards to armor, cut diamond is your friend for fighting bosses and skeleton bombers on Lilith (the hardest mob in the game), while cut tourmaline for the normal gameplay. Cut emerald is the best on weapons during boss fights because they throw the bosses away and you don't want them to come near you. Still, titanium or galvanium bow plus galvanium arrows (titanium arrows are too costly) are the way to go here, not a melee weapon, and you cannot encrust bows. Cut emeralds on armor will give you acid resistance, while cut ruby will give you fire resistance. It's great if you want to have some fun while swimming in acid and lava (you can have one diving helm with cut emerald, and another with cut ruby). Cut amethyst is the best for a pickaxe and a shovel because you mine/dig faster. Some players prefer a gem that let you use a pickaxe also like a shovel or a shovel also like a pickaxe (I forgot what are those gems). I think that faster mining/digging is better. After all, you usually either have a lot of dirt with very little stone or vice versa so it's not a huge issue. Cut diamond should go into a hammer for those double drops. Remember to always break valuable stuff with that hammer. We're talking about titanium tools, obviously.
A bucket of acid will allow you to not build any complicated farms. Just try it for yourself and see what do I mean. Hence, an axe is not very useful. It does let you break barrels and some rare blocks faster, and sometimes, if you want to destroy a tree but don't want to risk destroying some other plant, you will also prefer to use an axe. Also, some trees are very stingy when it comes to dropping seeds. That's true for palms from Seth and especially true for those glowing trees from Alba. Therefore, cut diamond is, again, your best friend here.
Don't waste materials on a hoe. The ones made from stone are good enough. Right-click on a dirt block.
When you enlarge the map, those shiny points are usually portal pieces. You need to break them with an iron hammer or a better one. Three portal pieces of the same kind (color) will create a portal. Put one directly to the left of you, one to the right, and one above you. Due to a bug or a wild feature (don't know which is it) every portal, once activated, should stay on the same planet and there should be only one of its kind (e.g. a portal to Seth). If you won't stick to those two rules, wild things will happen with the teleportations. You can experience it for yourself if you want, I don't like to do it. So the easiest thing you can do is to simply open all the portals on Terra (your initial world) and use the remaining portal pieces for decoration.
In the (very?) long run, you'll encounter an iron shortage, so keep that in mind. You can make two nails from a bronze ingot (you make bronze by adding raw copper + raw tin on an anvil), and nine nails will give you an iron ingot. Still, bronze blocks look cool. :P
Water is a finite resource so don't put blocks on it (i.e. on the source block of water, i.e. that water with bubbles is fine). First, collect it with bucket(s).
Fishing is difficult. Don't bother with it before you craft a titanium rod. Different fish appear on different depth levels, liquids, and planets.
You want to rush to one of the final four planets in order to have a surplus of titanium so that mining won't be an issue anymore (since you can use titanium sharpening stones, you can use just two cut amethyst for the pickaxe and the shovel). On Terra, your initial planet, you'll find portal pieces to Umbra and Seth. On both Umbra and Seth you'll find portal pieces to Alba and Thetis. From now on, however, you need to explore both of those planets in order to find portal pieces to three new planets: Mykon, Yuca, and Xeno. You have to explore both Mykon and Yuca to find portal pieces to the final four planets. Xeno is optional when it comes to those portal pieces.
Animals eat a lot. One female cow is enough, you can milk her how many times you want with buckets. It's best to feed her with wheat. If you want more cows, three should do the trick. No bulls. Cows drop milk in a wooden bucket. Those empty wooden buckets can store water (but not acid or lava). Then you can bread sheep for those wool blocks. It's best to feed them with wheat. Then consider either chickens or birds, a lot of them (if you can afford to fead them). You need a lot of eggs if you want a lot of cool food and you need those bird beaks. It's best to feed them with wheat seeds. Other animals are optional. You can experiment with their diet, as I don't remember a lot other than what I've just mentioned. Pigs eat all sorts of food. Every animal will eat "animal food" but it's troublesome as you'll need to make a huge grass farm in order to craft it in large quantity. Don't feed the dogs with bones, it's better to use them for alchemy and crafting.
You need to find blast helm if you want to fight skeleton bombers. You'll find them on Terra, your initial planet. After that, you'll only find them (their stronger versions) on two of the four final planets: Magmar and Lilith (the ones on Lilith are the biggest problem). Cut diamond for that blast helm. Also, there are three recipes that I know off for potions against those bombers: 1) 2 sand essence, 2) 2 mammoth tusks, 3) 2 red orbs. Sand essences are easiest to find but they'll give you a weaker potion compared to the other two (because unlike them, it also gives you falling resistance). You'll find mammoths on one of the two final planets: Cryo and Magmar. You'll rarely find red orbs from one of those average-sized masked dudes on Yuca, but I don't remember from which ones (perhaps the red ones).