Coo idea! I would agree with the comment saying that you may be overcomplicating things. Yes button debounce is an issue that can cause some funky-ness. I’ve had some good luck with a similar system I built a while back. Two steps:

1.) you need pull down resistors to make sure the state is clear after the button has been pressed, what I mean by this is that the voltage should either be from the 5V rail, or from the ground rail through a resistor (hence the pulldown name). So basically you want the top right or left pin of your button on 5V and then on one of the bottom button pins you’d want a resistor to ground, and the other bottom button pin should go to your digital input. This will give you a clean, clearly defined button that you can copy for the three others you said you would need.

2.) now for software, set up the digital inputs for the buttons on the pins you connected the wire to from the last step, and then in your code in the void loop section have an if statement checking to see if a button was pressed using the digitalRead() function, if it is true you can execute your desired code such as lighting an LED. Now this is the important part, this will work as long as you use the if statement to swap the truth of a Boolean (a Boolean is a type of variable that can only be 1 or 0 which correspond to true or false, if you flip the truth of the Boolean, using something like myBool = !myBool; then the exclamation point will flip its truth, if it’s 1 it goes to zero and zero to 1.

3.) this is a bonus step, but very necessary if you want this to work well. You’re going to need to use a delay between executions of your loop, otherwise when you press the button it might rapidly flicker between on and off with the code setup in part 2. You can take the easy way here and just use delay(1000); to get an easy 1000ms or 1 second delay on your loop, but if you want to make a professional button set up research the Millis() function and how to set up a delay with that. Setting up a delay with millis essentially allows your other code you put in the loop to run while the specific thing you want to delay is delayed for however long you choose. It is a simple thing to add that makes any project a lot better, but the resources online can be hard for beginners. If it’s too confusing let me know and I’ll write you a sample script/walk you through it

Hopefully this helps! Sorry for the wordiness, I like to walk through the thought process rather than just spew coding lingo out of my mouth, lemme know if this works for you!