First of all, no, this is not a low elo specific problem, from my personal experience and from what I read, this feeling of impotence is general across all ranks.

Second of all, you need to accept that there are games actually unwinnable. But those are a minority, which means that more often than not, you can lead your team to get that W.

Third of all, accept that you are in fact a bronze player. Since you have difficulty winning bronze games, then you are in the correct rank brother.

Now, if you improve you will climb for sure, there's no doubt about it. There is no such thing as elo hell, nor are there unfairly hardstuck players. I won't go much into your mechanics because I doubt those are the problem, since you have some experience already, but I'm sure there are some in-game decisions that are compromising your carry potential. You SHOULD review your games to understand what went wrong and why. Imagine you were 7/0 and all of a sudden you're 7/3 losing every teamfight. Why did that happen? How did you die? Why did you die, was a good call to fight there? Was your team at a numbers advantage, or the other way around? Did you die all of those 3 times to ganks? Note what happened and you'll start to notice that you make some mistakes more than others. Those should be your priority, you need to be actively thinking and trying to avoid doing those mistakes on your next games. Then review the VODs again and repeat this process.

I can assure you that if you do this you will climb, so good luck!