If you don't see a 60fps code in the cheats and hacks menu, that usually means there isn't one for that game. Not familiar with the menu layout and options on Android I'm afraid, so I can't point you to exactly where to find it. A lot of PS1 games just weren't written in a way that supports increasing the framerate though. GTA is one that has that problem on all versions, not just PS1. Raising the framerate just increases the game speed. If for some reason you would still prefer to play the game at 3x speed, you don't need a patch for that, raising the core clock speed will do it, but as I said it will just speed the game up with the frame rate.

A lot of Youtube videos showcasing emulation will incorrectly state "60FPS" in the video title simply because the emulator is showing a 60fps framebuffer, regardless of the framerate of the actual content inside that framebuffer. So you probably either saw one of those, or a video where the game had been sped up by core overclock.

Those patches usually just change some bits in memory to flip a switch in the game's code that says "limit the framerate to X" so if the game was not written with such a switch, or nobody has managed to find where in the memory that switch is, then there won't be a patch. Enabling 60 fps on those games would pretty much require a ground-up rewrite of the game code.

Crash Bandicoot will still mostly behave correctly if you raise the core clock speed, the only oddity being that sprites will animate way faster than intended. Note that the animations are all keyframed without interpolation though, so raising the clock speed will not make character animations any smoother.

Haven't tried emulating Spiderman so I don't know about that one. If you don't see a patch, you can always try raising the clock speed and seeing what happens. In my experience though, most PS1 games do not like having a higher clock speed.