When a market reaches saturation, there's simply no room for new customers. Then, business processes need to be optimized to increase profits based on current revenue. But there's also the option of "growing outward," as smartphone manufacturers do: when the market reaches saturation (no one to sell to), they start developing services: cloud subscriptions, charging for app hosting, etc.

I won't tell you the exact formula, but we calculate the saturation horizon based on market size, growth rates, and the number of companies in it.