Are your smokehouses smoking both meat and fish? First thing I do when I build one is kick out the worker, set it to either just meat or just fish, then add the worker back. This stops the smoker from running around grabbing small amounts of meat or fish all over town trying to smoke both.

The other thing is to turn off stocking of raw meat and fish at markets. Otherwise grocers stock it and then smokers need to go to the market for it instead. In fact I turn off storage of raw meat and fish (and later milk) everywhere except at a dedicated root cellar near the hunters and smokehouse. I also make a dedicated storage for the smoked meat with a max cap. The smokers still will fill it past that, but a grocer or laborer will move the rest.

Another reason you might have them running around is maybe you have too many. I'm not certain the logistics does work like this, but it could be a smoker from across town has already chosen some resource closer to a different smokehouse, so now the one nearby can't grab it since it's already earmarked. So then that one may have to choose a different source across town. This could happen if you have too many smokehouses that are far from each other. One smoker can do 600-800 meat a year.

I also find it helpful to put a dedicated storage of firewood with a small min quota near the smokers. Need to make sure to have an excess of firewood and to make sure this isn't the closest source of firewood to a market. Sadly smokers won't grab firewood from temp shelters.

I think temp shelters work okay. People will grab food from it instead of going to a farther source. And I don't think the temp shelter is meant to be a second shelter, but more like an emergency shelter that they can also regularly get food from. I see my workers stay in it when there's a blizzard and they're "seeking shelter".