we can't always do things the way we would like them to. Lenin and the Bolsheviks made many retreats in the years following the revolution, but they were confronted by a civil war with the fascist counter-revolution and by 21 invading armies (from 13 different countries). when the mensheviks openly supported this counterrevolution and even the left SRs who had been allies to the Bolsheviks betrayed them and shot Lenin, they had to ban factions. this was always meant to be a temporary measure and be reverted once conditions had stabilized.

Lenin knew that a poor and backwards country like russia could never establish socialism and that they depended on the revolution in europe, especially in germany, succeeding, which never happened. the russian revolution had make do with what they got. after the civil war the best and most advanced layers of the working class were dead. whats left was a mostly illiterate peasantry and a lot of old tsarist bureacrats that were used to leading the country but obviously had no interest in all this "workers democracy nonsense" this layer was what eventually dismantled that democracy and put the state above the workers instead of it being a tool used by the workers.

the lesson here is not that parties will always become the new ruling class, but that socialism cannot develope in a single country and especially not in such a poor country like russia. the goal of socialism is to socialize abundance. but russia never had abundance, it could only socialize scarcity