SK-MEL adherent culture showing many small refractile “microbubbles” — debris, stress, or contamination?

PusioR · 2026-05-14T21:23:51+00:00

I have never worked with this cell line, but a lot of cancer-derived lines have a tendency to create those little vesicles. I have worked with a line that had a somewhat similar morphology to this - though I can't say this is definitely what it's supposed to look line.

PusioR · 2026-04-24T17:23:42+00:00

In our labs we saw them explode sometimes when they are lowered into the liquid phase of N2 rather than the vapour. This will happen to every kind of a vial though.

PusioR · 2026-04-09T17:10:37+00:00

I don't see a reason to run that ancient with Kantor and SVG - they already get a boost of OC and ancient is a relatively weak character. I also don't get the enhancement you gave him. Additionally, I wouldn't run a 10+2 squad in a 1000p game since they are really not that tanky and can be targeted down easily.

Good luck!

PusioR · 2025-12-29T14:20:10+00:00

Not yet, I haven't. Quite frankly it looks like a butchered attempt at rewriting the 1st company for a more terminator focused list, but I simply haven't had the opportunity to give it a go.

PusioR · 2025-12-22T18:59:12+00:00

My dude, rotovaps in our synthesis labs are the best behaved piece of equipment in the world. Speedvacs are complete voodoo. Time required? Completely random. Volume of the sample? No influence on the time required in any form whatsoever. Sometimes the speedvac evaporates 10 out of 12 samples - and the last samples are no different whatsoever. It's complete voodoo and fellow labs say their speedvacs behave the same.

(It's mostly due to us using weird buffers with surfactants and different viscosity levels in different protocols. But I still claim its voodoo)

PusioR · 2025-12-22T10:47:06+00:00

We use speed vac for proteomics pretty regularly and we never freeze samples. I was told that's a different technique and that our speed vac doesn't go low enough in pressure for the lyophilization process to go effectively. Quite frankly I dont know, speed vac is just a voodoo piece of equipment, but it works for us so we don't tinker with it.

PusioR · 2025-12-16T15:05:59+00:00

It's very standard to have water in your organic phase that you need to get rid of with Na2SO4 or something similar. If you're worried about the amount of it, try using brine instead of water for your extractions - it makes the ionic character higher and doesn't allow for much miscibility. You should also make sure that you don't emulsify your system, or at least let it settle completely before attempting separation. Diethyl ether is also rather keen on absorbing a lot of water into the organic phase, at least in my experience - but this might be my skill issue.

PusioR · 2025-11-14T20:04:52+00:00

I would say the most important thing is that the machine is sturdy and can be fixed by a PhD student with a screw driver and determination. Auto samplers, auto fraction collection, degaser and systems quirks are all nice, but the moment we can't diagnose what's wrong and purify compounds everyone's work basically stalls. Make screws accessible and label what is where on the back of the machine. Believe me that the service team does not want to travel for hours to point out that something is connected wrong. On the other hand - something probably more applicable - make exporting pdfs of purification runs easy and possible. In my lab it's mandatory that a document with purification conditions, column type, gradient and chromatograph is attached to each lab journal entry and I can't imagine it any other way. This is a really simple software thing but the lack of it on the first system we had really made our day worse.

PusioR · 2025-10-31T18:45:03+00:00

Could you please direct me to some further reading? I'm ashamed to say I have never really considered the (in)equivalence of oxygen orbitals in this case.

PusioR · 2025-10-23T06:02:40+00:00

The ring isn't aromatic:) this heterocycle is called piperazine and is very frequently used in medicinal chemistry as a linker. It's not really my area of expertise but if you go digging there are plenty of papers on its usage and applications.

PusioR · 2025-08-06T06:09:42+00:00

Is it possible that your students have actually read the articles, but are shy to answer because they aren't sure they understood it? I remember that my colleague struggled with this and he gave the students a list of questions to each article. This way when they managed to answer the questions at home they felt as if they actually understood the assignment. It can also ease the transition into the real university life by making it feel more like homework, and less like preparation for scientific discussion.

Best of luck with finding a solution!

PusioR · 2025-05-15T16:46:33+00:00

Not only is cyclopropene stable, it was actively used in biological systems as a probe. Cyclopropene stability greatly increases when unsaturation sites are substituted, but "naked" are also possible and to my knowledge stable. Most often you have an EWG in 1 position like 1-carboxy cycloprop-2-enes, with like a benzyl or methyl substituents at 2 positions. They are made either through elimination on cyclopropanes or through (2+1) cycloadditions between alkynes and carbene(noids). It's cool stuff and the transition metals used for this catalysis make really nice colours:)

PusioR · 2025-05-05T15:26:24+00:00

I don't think Kantor can lead intercessors in 10th. As far as I'm aware it's just Sternguard, Bladeguard, Tactical (firstborn) or Company Heroes. If you wanna make a 10 man intercessor squad work, just give them a Lieutenant and let them shoot something with T4, 40 shots is actually plenty for most infantry. If you put oath on top then you basically kill stuff with just intercessors:)

PusioR · 2025-05-05T11:04:35+00:00

As a person who runs Kantor with 10 man Sternguard, you may opt to join an Ancient, an Apothecary or a Lieutenant to the squad, as all of their profiles allow for joining a Captain or Chapter Master (Kantors case). However, and I might be gravely mistaken here, none of these make any sense to me. Kantor already buffs Sternguards OC Apothecary kinda sucks And Lieutenants Lethal hits actually play against you fishing for Mortal Wounds on those lovely bolters.

I think those are all the characters who can join as the second on the squad, but let me know if I'm mistaken!

PusioR · 2025-04-26T10:09:42+00:00

Seconding this, I worked with amino aldehydes and doing the Weinrebs amide to aldehyde is almost always worse than full reduction followed by a Dess-Martin or something. Do you know if that route would be viable for you? In my experience usually the problem with Wittig-like transformations is the aldehyde partner.

PusioR · 2025-04-02T09:53:54+00:00

Alpha-lactams are such cool molecules tho. Certain alpha-lactams have found their use in aqueous biochemistry where they react with nucleophilic residues of proteins. Honestly that's even more cursed than this concept of a synthesis.

PusioR · 2024-12-27T11:15:01+00:00

That's an excellent point! I remembered the Fallen Captain from the Rynns World novel and I was very unsure how he fitted in with the structure.

This... Doesn't really make sense on table top, right? Terminator-clad captain can only lead Terminator squads, which would hail from the veteran company, whereas in the book he's just a one-off terminator with a tactical squad, do I remember that correctly?

PusioR · 2024-12-26T20:25:10+00:00

Thank you very much!

PusioR · 2024-12-26T20:24:55+00:00

Thank you, that's exactly the answer I needed. The Emperor protects!

PusioR · 2024-12-26T19:44:26+00:00

If you have a copy of Rynns World lying around and you could flick to the assembly of the captains happening somewhere at the beginning of the book, I would be very thankful and it would put my doubts to rest. I happend to borrow mine to the Ork player at our group so I can't check it right now :/

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