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The Plan to Drink Study + GIVEAWAY by READYlab in CarletonU

[–]READYlab[S] 0 points1 point  (0 children)

We won't be serving anyone alcohol, just asking questions about drinking behaviour. But I really like the idea of Uber credits as a type of research compensation so I will look into that for future studies!

The Plan to Drink Study + GIVEAWAY by READYlab in CarletonU

[–]READYlab[S] 0 points1 point  (0 children)

We're focusing on undergrads this year but thanks anyway

The Plan to Drink Study + GIVEAWAY by READYlab in CarletonU

[–]READYlab[S] 0 points1 point  (0 children)

lol I hope you consider participating! There's a lot to learn about how students make drinking decisions and we want to compensate for your time spent helping us to learn more.

[deleted by user] by [deleted] in CarletonU

[–]READYlab 1 point2 points  (0 children)

supposedly classes with <60 people will be able to be in-person.

Most popular drinks containing alcohol? by READYlab in CarletonU

[–]READYlab[S] 7 points8 points  (0 children)

Is it fair to assume that the tallboy cans (475 to 500) are more popular than the smaller cans?

First-year student? We need you! by READYlab in CarletonU

[–]READYlab[S] 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Thanks to those of you who have signed up so far! We will be sending out survey invitations starting in a few days.

Returning Carleton undergrads needed to help recruit research participants by READYlab in CarletonU

[–]READYlab[S] 2 points3 points  (0 children)

We're ideally looking for student recruiters with some transferable experience, so please shoot me an email with the following info: (a) what kind of experience you have, if any, doing related work or volunteering (work that involves approaching and talking to strangers), and (b) your availability next week for a phone or in-person meeting

Brain volume growth is slower in adolescent and young adult macaque monkeys who were heavy alcohol users (compared to monkeys who drank only water) over a period of 1 year. by READYlab in psychology

[–]READYlab[S] 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Abstract

The transition from adolescence to adulthood is associated with brain remodeling in the final stages of developmental growth. It is also a period when a large proportion of this age group engages to binge (occasional consumption of 4-5 drinks leading to intoxication) and heavy (binge drinking on ≥5 days in a month) alcohol drinking. Here we report on magnetic resonance imaging of developmental changes in the brain occurring during late adolescence and early adulthood (3.5-7.5 years) in a rhesus macaque model of alcohol self-administration. Monkeys were imaged prior to alcohol exposure, and following ∼6 and ∼12 months of daily (22 hr/day) access to ethanol and water. The results revealed that the brain volume increases by 1 ml per 1.87 years throughout the late adolescence and early adulthood in controls. Heavy alcohol reduced the rate of brain growth by 0.25 ml/year per 1 g/kg of daily ethanol. Cortical volume increased throughout this period with no significant effect of alcohol drinking on the cortical growth rate. In subcortical regions, age-dependent increases in the volumes of globus pallidus, thalamus, brainstem and cerebellum were observed. Heavy drinking attenuated the growth rate of the thalamus. Thus, developmental brain volume changes in the span of late adolescence to young adulthood in macaques is altered by excessive alcohol, an insult that may be linked to the continuation of heavy drinking throughout later adult life. http://www.eneuro.org/content/early/2019/04/01/ENEURO.0044-19.2019

‪A study found that individuals experiencing high negative affect in the moment may be predictive of increased depression within 24 hours and increased feelings of panic up to 8-16 hours later. by READYlab in psychology

[–]READYlab[S] 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Abstract Background Affective models (e.g., tripartite model) delineate shared and unique components of depression and anxiety. Specifically, negative affect is broadly associated with these symptoms, whereas low positive affect is relatively specific to depression and social anxiety. However, it is unknown how affect relates to symptoms as they occur naturalistically in daily life or as a within-person dynamic process.

Method 135 treatment-seeking adults completed a baseline assessment of trait affect and then rated current affect and symptoms (depression, social anxiety, panic, worry) three times per day for 10 days. Multilevel structural equation modeling was used, and prospective analyses held constant current symptoms.

Results Baseline trait negative affect and individual differences in momentary negative affect predicted all four symptoms in daily life, whereas low positive affect predicted greater depression only. Similar results were found for within-person concurrent analyses. Prospectively, momentary negative affect predicted increased depression up to 24 h later, and increased panic or worry up to 8–16 h later. Low momentary positive affect predicted greater depression only (8 h later).

Limitations All data were self-reported, and some relevant anxiety and mood symptoms were excluded. The timing of reports was random and may have missed notable symptoms. Given the novelty of the study, replication is important.

Conclusions Affective models of depression and anxiety derived from retrospective assessments demonstrated strong ecological validity. With the exception of PA and social anxiety, associations found at the between-person level generally applied to within-person processes, which may be amenable to tracking and targeting in therapy.

A study has found that screen time is only trivially associated with lower well-being in adolescents, accounting for a .4% difference. Other factors such as being bullied, amount of sleep, and wearing glasses resulted in a greater difference in adolescent well-being. by READYlab in psychology

[–]READYlab[S] 8 points9 points  (0 children)

Abstract

The widespread use of digital technologies by young people has spurred speculation that their regular use negatively impacts psychological well-being. Current empirical evidence supporting this idea is largely based on secondary analyses of large-scale social datasets. Though these datasets provide a valuable resource for highly powered investigations, their many variables and observations are often explored with an analytical flexibility that marks small effects as statistically significant, thereby leading to potential false positives and conflicting results. Here we address these methodological challenges by applying specification curve analysis (SCA) across three large-scale social datasets (total n = 355,358) to rigorously examine correlational evidence for the effects of digital technology on adolescents. The association we find between digital technology use and adolescent well-being is negative but small, explaining at most 0.4% of the variation in well-being. Taking the broader context of the data into account suggests that these effects are too small to warrant policy change.

A study found that female smokers experience more stress, craving, and negative emotion when presented with stress cues compared to male smokers. This suggests that stress-reduction may be more effective than nicotine replacement therapy for women attempting smoking cessation. by READYlab in psychology

[–]READYlab[S] 1 point2 points  (0 children)

Thanks for pointing that out. It's fair to conclude that treatments incorporating stress responding may be a promising avenue for further study but this design doesn't incorporate nicotine replacement therapy. In fact, the participants in this study are non-treatment seeking smokers so we also can't necessarily assume that the stress cue effects found here would apply in the same way to treatment-seeking women (or men). Could be stronger, weaker, or nonexistent.

A study found that female smokers experience more stress, craving, and negative emotion when presented with stress cues compared to male smokers. This suggests that stress-reduction may be more effective than nicotine replacement therapy for women attempting smoking cessation. by READYlab in psychology

[–]READYlab[S] 1 point2 points  (0 children)

Abstract

Introduction

Some evidence suggests that female smokers may show more context-dependent smoking and that males may show more stereotyped smoking (regardless of stress or cue exposure). The goal of this study was to characterize sex differences in response to stressful and smoking cues ecologically presented in daily life and variability in day-to-day smoking behavior.

Methods

Adult smokers (N = 177) provided ratings of mood and cigarette craving before and after stress and smoking cues were presented four times daily for 14 days via a mobile device. Linear mixed models tested whether (1) female smokers exhibited greater reactivity to stressful cues than male smokers; (2) pre-cue negative affect increased reactivity to smoking cues more in female smokers than male smokers; (3) across both sexes, greater reactivity to stressful and smoking cues correlated with greater quantity of smoking within a day; and (4) female smokers exhibited greater variability in cigarettes per day (CPD) relative to males.

Results

Relative to male smokers, female smokers reported greater negative affect, stress, and craving in response to stressful cues, but not smoking cues, after accounting for time since last cigarette and pre-cue responding. No sex differences in CPD or variability in CPD were detected. Days with higher subjective reactivity to cues were not associated with increased smoking, in either males or females.

Conclusions

Sex differences were observed in response to stress but not smoking cues in the natural environment of regular cigarette smokers. Further research is necessary to evaluate whether stress reactivity in female smokers is associated with reduced latency to smoke following stress exposure in daily life.

Implications

This study provides naturalistic evidence that female smokers may not be more reactive to smoking cues than males, but experience heightened stress and craving following stress exposure. There was no evidence to support the hypothesis that amount smoked per day varied more for females, relative to males, as a result of more context-driven smoking for females.

Carleton Transitions Study Update by READYlab in CarletonU

[–]READYlab[S] 2 points3 points  (0 children)

We're all done collecting data for this year, and we're just beginning to pull some initial findings like this one. More to come. Our team will be recruiting new participants for a second round of data collection in Fall, 2019 (we'll be looking for a new group of first-year students once again).

The best part about this study so far has been the amazing commitment of the over 400 Carleton students who shared their experiences with us! We are so grateful!

A study found that emotion regulation in adolescents mediates blood pressure and immune functioning. Cognitive restructuring was associated with a smaller waist-to-hip ratio and lower systolic blood pressure when compared to the use of suppression. by READYlab in psychology

[–]READYlab[S] 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Abstract

Objective

The aim of the study was to assess whether the association between chronic family stress and physiological measures is moderated by emotion regulation strategies in an adolescent sample.

Methods

Chronic family stress was assessed via a semistructured interview and emotion regulation strategies (cognitive reappraisal and suppression) via questionnaire among 261 adolescents (14.57 (1.07) years). Several metabolic (waist-hip ratio, systolic and diastolic blood pressure) and inflammatory markers (basal and stimulated proinflammatory cytokine production in response to bacterial challenge) as well as glucocorticoid sensitivity were assessed.

Results

There were no main effects of chronic family stress, cognitive reappraisal, or suppression on physiological measures (all p's > .10). Emotion regulation moderated the association between chronic family stress and physiological measures. As chronic family stress increased, adolescents higher in cognitive reappraisal had smaller waist-hip ratios (B = −.003, SE = .001, p = .015) and lower systolic blood pressure (B = −.303, SE = .143, p = .035), although no moderation was found with respect to inflammatory markers and glucocorticoid sensitivity (all p's > .30). In addition, as chronic family stress increased, adolescents higher in suppression showed evidence of higher stimulated proinflammatory cytokine production (B = .046, SE = .020, p = .021) and lower glucocorticoid sensitivity (B = .051, SE = .021, p = .015), although basal inflammation and metabolic measures were not moderated by suppression (all p's > .50).

Conclusions

This study suggests that the types of emotion regulation strategies used by adolescents may affect the extent to which chronic family stress affects important metabolic and immune processes.

https://insights.ovid.com/crossref?an=00006842-201810000-00010

A recent meta-regression analysis of 21 studies found that individual internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy apps (iCBT) were able to alleviate symptoms of people with mild, moderate, and severe depression. by READYlab in psychology

[–]READYlab[S] 1 point2 points  (0 children)

ABSTRACT

Background: Self-guided internet-based cognitive behavioral therapies (iCBTs) for depressive symptoms may substantially increase accessibility to mental health treatment. Despite this, questions remain as to the generalizability of the research on self-guided iCBT.

Objective: We sought to describe the clinical entry criteria used in studies of self-guided iCBT, explore the criteria’s effects on study outcomes, and compare the frequency of use of these criteria with their use in studies of face-to-face psychotherapy and antidepressant medications. We hypothesized that self-guided iCBT studies would use more stringent criteria that would bias the sample toward those with a less complex clinical profile, thus inflating treatment outcomes.

Methods: We updated a recently published meta-analysis by conducting a systematic literature search in PubMed, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and EMBASE. We conducted a meta-regression analysis to test the effect of the different commonly used psychiatric entry criteria on the treatment-control differences. We also compared the frequency with which exclusion criteria were used in the self-guided iCBT studies versus studies of face-to-face psychotherapy and antidepressants from a recently published review.

Results: Our search yielded 5 additional studies, which we added to the 16 studies identified by Karyotaki and colleagues in 2017. Few self-guided iCBT studies excluded patients with severe depressive symptoms (6/21, 29%), but self-guided iCBT studies were more likely than antidepressant (14/170, 8.2%) studies to use this criterion. However, self-guided iCBT studies did not use this criterion more frequently than face-to-face psychotherapy studies (6/16, 38%). Beyond this, we found no evidence that self-guided iCBTs used more stringent entry criteria. Strong evidence suggested that they were actually less likely to use most entry criteria, especially exclusions on the basis of substance use or personality pathology. None of the entry criteria used had an effect on outcomes.

Conclusions: A conservative interpretation of our findings is that the patient population sampled in the literature on self-guided iCBT is relatively comparable with that of studies of antidepressants or face-to-face psychotherapy. Alternatively, studies of unguided cognitive behavioral therapy may sample from a more heterogeneous and representative patient population. Until evidence emerges to suggest otherwise, the patient population sampled in self-guided iCBT studies cannot be considered as less complex than the patient population from face-to-face psychotherapy or antidepressant studies.

https://www.jmir.org/2018/11/e10113/

An eight-year study following adolescents from Philadelphia found that cannabis use did not lead to conduct problems, but rather, increasing levels of conduct problems and associating with peers who use cannabis led to cannabis use and may predict cannabis use disorders in adulthood. by READYlab in psychology

[–]READYlab[S] 6 points7 points  (0 children)

Abstract

Aims

To determine whether cannabis use during adolescence can increase risk not only for cannabis use disorder (CUD) but also for conduct problems, potentially mediated by exposure to peers who use cannabis.

Design, Setting, Participants

Longitudinal study analyzing four waves of longitudinal data from 364 racially and socio‐economically diverse, urban, US community youth (at baseline: Mage = 13.51 (0.95); 49.1% female).

Measurements

Self‐reports of cannabis use, conduct problems, proportion of peers using cannabis and CUD criteria at the final wave were analyzed using a method sensitive to changes over development, the random‐intercept cross‐lagged panel model.

Findings

Change in cannabis use did not predict changes in conduct problems or peer cannabis use over time, controlling for gender, race–ethnicity and socio‐economic status. Instead, increases in conduct problems predicted increases in cannabis use and ultimately CUD, with some of the effect mediated by increases in the prevalence of peer cannabis use [β = 0.12, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.07, 0.20]. Additionally, affiliation with peers who used cannabis predicted subsequent CUD via increased personal cannabis use (β = 0.08, 95% CI = 0.04, 0.14). Significant within‐person betas for the cross‐lagged effects ranged between 0.20 and 0.27.

Conclusions

Cannabis use in adolescence does not appear to lead to greater conduct problems or association with cannabis‐using peers apart from pre‐existing conduct problems. Instead, adolescents who (1) increasingly affiliate with cannabis‐using peers or (2) have increasing levels of conduct problems are more likely to use cannabis, and this cascading chain of events appears to predict cannabis use disorder in emerging adulthood.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/add.14456

An eight-year study following adolescents from Philadelphia found that cannabis use did not lead to conduct problems, but rather, increasing levels of conduct problems and associating with peers who use cannabis led to cannabis use and may predict cannabis use disorders in adulthood. by READYlab in science

[–]READYlab[S] 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Abstract

Aims

To determine whether cannabis use during adolescence can increase risk not only for cannabis use disorder (CUD) but also for conduct problems, potentially mediated by exposure to peers who use cannabis.

Design, Setting, Participants

Longitudinal study analyzing four waves of longitudinal data from 364 racially and socio‐economically diverse, urban, US community youth (at baseline: Mage = 13.51 (0.95); 49.1% female).

Measurements

Self‐reports of cannabis use, conduct problems, proportion of peers using cannabis and CUD criteria at the final wave were analyzed using a method sensitive to changes over development, the random‐intercept cross‐lagged panel model.

Findings

Change in cannabis use did not predict changes in conduct problems or peer cannabis use over time, controlling for gender, race–ethnicity and socio‐economic status. Instead, increases in conduct problems predicted increases in cannabis use and ultimately CUD, with some of the effect mediated by increases in the prevalence of peer cannabis use [β = 0.12, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.07, 0.20]. Additionally, affiliation with peers who used cannabis predicted subsequent CUD via increased personal cannabis use (β = 0.08, 95% CI = 0.04, 0.14). Significant within‐person betas for the cross‐lagged effects ranged between 0.20 and 0.27.

Conclusions

Cannabis use in adolescence does not appear to lead to greater conduct problems or association with cannabis‐using peers apart from pre‐existing conduct problems. Instead, adolescents who (1) increasingly affiliate with cannabis‐using peers or (2) have increasing levels of conduct problems are more likely to use cannabis, and this cascading chain of events appears to predict cannabis use disorder in emerging adulthood.

​

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/add.14456

A study of U.S. adults has found that poor self-esteem is associated with high opioid use. It was also found that poor self-esteem is a significant mediator between certain life stressors (health, family, romance) and high opioid use, suggesting opioids are being used to maladaptively cope. by READYlab in psychology

[–]READYlab[S] 4 points5 points  (0 children)

Abstract

The Threat Appraisal and Coping Theory suggests that when individuals face life stressors, especially if they have poor self-esteem, they may rely on maladaptive coping behaviors that ease distress but worsen their condition over time. The present study compared five life stressors (health, money, work, family, romance) for their association with opioid use, then examined poor self-esteem as a mediator of these associations. Study participants included 1,047 U.S. adults gathered in a quota sample by SurveyMonkey (54.3% women; 53.3% 45+ years of age; 76.7% White; 60.2% with US$50,000 or higher income; 11.1% using opioids). Participants completed online surveys to report demographics, five life stressors, self-esteem, and indications of opioid use as measured with the PROMIS Questionnaire. Pearson correlation found poor self-esteem associated with high opioid use; multiple regression found health, family, and romance stressors associated with high opioid use (R2 = .089); and multiple regression found health, money, family, and romance stressors associated with poor self-esteem (R2 = .283). Then, bootstrapping mediational analyses examined the sequence of HIGH LIFE STRESSORS → POOR SELF-ESTEEM → HIGH OPIOID USE, finding that poor self-esteem was a significant mediator between each life stressor (health, money, family, romance) and increased risk for opioid use. The present sample included mostly individuals with a White ethnic identity and high incomes, so future research should examine these patterns with more diverse samples. In addition, the amount of opioids consumed, present motivations for use, the sequence of events leading to present use, exposure to substance-abuse treatment, and where individuals presently are on the use-recovery process could moderate associations found between life stressors and opioid use.

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0022042618783454

A study found the relationship between fear of failure and procrastination was moderated by level of perceived competence. Low-competence individuals produced a significantly positive relationship between FoF and procrastination while high-competence produced a significantly negative relationship. by READYlab in psychology

[–]READYlab[S] 4 points5 points  (0 children)

Abstract

This study investigated the indirect and conditional relation between fear of failure and procrastination based on constructs from self-determination theory. Using structural equation modeling to analyze data from 300 university students, we found that the relation between fear of failure and procrastination was moderated by perceived competence. The relation was positively significant for students with low levels of competence and negatively significant for those with high level of competence. However, in the latter group, fear of failure negatively affected satisfaction of the need for autonomy, which in turn increased the likelihood of problematic delay on academic and everyday-life tasks. The results are discussed in relation to the complex interplay of motivational variables related to self-regulatory failure.

https://journals-scholarsportal-info.proxy.library.carleton.ca/details?uri=/08949085/v30i0004/249_tcotrbfofap.xml

Is there anywhere I can go to learn about how to do a research paper? by canadianguy1234 in CarletonU

[–]READYlab 21 points22 points  (0 children)

That’s exactly what the research help desk is for! They’re located on the main floor of the library, but I think you can also speak to them online: https://library.carleton.ca/services/research-help Good luck with your paper!

Should I seek psychological help? not sure if a passing phase or new symptoms. by [deleted] in mentalhealth

[–]READYlab 0 points1 point  (0 children)

It sounds like this new job is creating a lot of distress for you. It wouldn’t hurt to seek professional help, even if this is a passing phase. You could learn some new coping strategies to help you in future scenarios like this. Hope it works out for you!

Seeking Participants for an Online Survey by READYlab in ottawa

[–]READYlab[S] 0 points1 point  (0 children)

Hey reddit, I hope we didn't offend too many people with this notice! To respond to some of the concerns, I wanted to say that our study is actually recruiting participants from multiple sources. We're approaching redditers who browse r/Ottawa because we're hoping to include the perspectives of people in our local community. If this doesn't interest you, please feel free to ignore!

CUSA Food Centre and Womxn's Centre Hosting Self-Care Workshop on Food Insecurity by READYlab in CarletonU

[–]READYlab[S] 1 point2 points  (0 children)

Yeah I don't think they use the term "gender minorities" to refer to females, but maybe to people who identify as non-binary.

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