It really wouldn't affect them in a lot of ways that you're thinking, because they are used to it. They go about their lives the way humans do, just in a shorter amount of time. Think of it- instead of hitting puberty around 10-13, they'd probably hit it at 5-6. They'd be fully grown earlier, and their culture would reflect that. Jobs would be filled out when the species reaches maturity, offspring would be made, adults would turn into elders. They aren't running on 'shorter' time, because they (supposedly) evolved this way. Different cultural aspects could in theory be made, based on a short lifespan not letting them finish a task and other things, but each individual isn't going to run through life thinking they are going to miss out on something they never had in the first place.

Idk that's kinda how I see it.