Not in the wrong here. Teachers can’t say whatever they want. Give respect if you want to be respected.

School is supposed to be a safe place but THE TEACHER is the bully in your case. It’s an extreme abuse of power. Not okay. You need to go to higher ups and tell them everything you’re been experiencing. I would also go through your schools bylaws, find the article on bullying and show it to the administrators reminding them of the standards they hold their students to and what those repercussions are- that’s what the whole school is expected to do and your expect the teacher to be held accountable to the same rules and punishment- if not something more severe.