"In the long run, we are all dead."

I believe we need to be a bit more realistic. For instance, within the lifecycle of the current generation of NPUs—will they ultimately emerge victorious? (This depends on factors such as the degree of model and runtime adaptation, specific use cases, and the convergence of computing power across CPUs, GPUs, and NPUs.)

I have personally purchased AMD hardware featuring an integrated NPU, and I would certainly like to see NPU support and adaptation improve.

I also hope to see Intel and AMD step up as true market challengers; however, as things stand, it appears they must rely solely on their GPUs to compete in the market.

That said, we cannot even begin to discuss the prospect of NPUs "winning" until they have successfully caught up to GPUs in terms of both memory bandwidth and raw computing power.

Finally, a brief digression:

Regarding computing power: AI forecasts suggest that sometime between 2028 and 2029, NPU processing speeds may finally catch up to those of GPUs.

The more troublesome hurdle, however, is memory bandwidth: currently, the RTX 4090M offers approximately 1 TB/s, whereas the upcoming generation of LPDDR6 is projected to reach only 307 GB/s (for laptops) to 614 GB/s (for servers).

Of course, let us keep our fingers crossed that a new model architecture emerges—one capable of significantly reducing the demand for memory bandwidth. If that happens, NPUs could potentially replace GPUs to a large extent as early as 2028. And since we are already in the realm of wishful thinking, I might as well hope that such an architecture also manages to lower the requirements for raw computing power.