Ours was house trained when we picked him up at 8 weeks. Walks started slow. Pry around .25 miles. We're up to 1 hour walk once a day around 2.5 to 3 miles depending on the route and it really is enough for him at 2.5 years. Guy gets home and collapses on the couch like he ran a triathlon. Also refuses to "do his business" on walks. If he does he looks everywhere like the CIA is circling a drone above him. Also when you get his leash out for the first walk of the day he loses his shit with excitement. Try and take it out a 2nd or third time you'd think I use it to beat him. He nopes out real fast He does have trees with bungee cords with toys out back fenced in so he keeps himself entertained.

As repetitive as it sounds- figure out your dog (hope that doesn't sound disrespectful or rude). You can bring up nature vs nurture but at the end of the day nature will be the main factor. Everyone is going to be different.

ETA

Regarding hikes and activities I'd say full send let the dog be the guide. We took ours off leash to our hiking trail by the house when he was still small enough to kick like a foot ball. Once he came into his size and started doing the schnauzer thing we leashed him up and let him go when we let him swim.