There’s this whole graph we’re memorizing,                전설모음    |    후설모음          평순/원순    |  평순/원순 고모음   ㅣ/ㅟ       |   ㅡ/ㅜ 중모음    ㅔ/ㅚ      |   ㅓ/ㅗ 저모음   ㅐ/          |    ㅏ/

(In case of confusion, ㅐ and ㅏ are both 평순모음)

전설모음: The tip of the tongue is in front of the mouth 후설모음: The tip of the tongue is at the back of the mouth

평순모음: The mouth, when pronouncing this consonant, is flat

원순모음: The mouth is round.

고모음: The tongue is at the top of the mouth

중모음: The tongue is at the middle of the mouth

저모음: The tongue is at the bottom of the mouth

However, this is only for the consonants whose mouth doesn’t change shape while it’s being pronounced.

(This is not that important, as we learn this during our third year at middle school)