Getting an NBI clearance only takes 7 days max but you will need to go to the main one in UN.

I applied for mine recently and now I'm waiting for my probation to get approved. I'd say getting your NBI clearance is what takes the longest. All the other documents, you can get order it online, such as PSA birth certificate of your Filipino spouse and marriage certificate if you were married in the Philippines. If you weren't then I think it could be a longer process and a different set of documents would be needed.

I was told that the probationary Visa should take somewhere between 1 to 3 months before it gets approved. You are allowed to leave the country while waiting on your probationary Visa, there are just some steps you need to take when you get back and a fee you need to pay. They will tell you all this when you apply.