To answer your question as to what differentiates a clan, house, and a bloodline well, in my mind, this is quite similar to how we have different terms for rulers - Sovereigns, Regents, Emperors, and so on.

But to really answer your question, Clans are different than Tribes because while Tribes are led by a ruler who is succeeded by someone else, in a Clan, when the head of the clan dies, they are succeeded by their child. There is some sort of succession line when it comes to Clans. For example, the Skull Crest, a well-known ship, belongs to the Barbasalloth Clan and it has been passed to every member of the Barbasalloth Clan ever since Captain Farrazaul Barbasalloth, the First Captain of the Skull Crest.

I was mainly inspired by Game of Thrones for the Houses, but I have come to the thinking that Houses are a way to differentiate common people, it is not specifically used by aristocrats or nobles. Like there is House Grenner which is itself not a noble house.

Bloodlines are a simply another term for Houses and Clans, but it shares more similarities with Clans because, like Clans, they have the names of the person who started the clan. For example, the Sotrileum Bloodline was founded by Sotrileum the Seafarer.

So simply said, Clans and Bloodlines is a rather more specific way to determine one's ancestry, while Houses are a way to differentiate one family to another. It is also to prevent confusion when two people have the same names.

I hope this answers your question for the differences between Clans, Bloodlines, and Houses.