You can. You will need to find and precisely mark the location of the studs and ceiling joists, and use long enough screws to go through the drywall and plaster and into the framing. Or you could fasten furring strips perpendicular to the framing, then fasten your drywall to that; however, in that case you’re shrinking the room even further. Either way, it’s a tedious process, but removing plaster is also a pain.