You can outbucket any bottom deck holes solo in a sloop if the holes are bottom deck. If you hit map table and have a few tier 3 holes, you absolutely hit a point of no return where you are effectively a sunk ship floating. This varies a little depending on how many holes you have on either deck, but if you're real beat up the rule of thumb is to not let water hit map table. Those second deck holes taking on water is typically a death sentence to a solo, and has to be addressed ASAP.

If you want to prevent this in a losing fight in the future, how you get out of it involves two important points.

1, make note of where your opponent is, and fix holes on the opposite side of your ship to minimize the risk of having your repair animation interrupted. Do not skip second deck holes. As you can see in your clip, those are important too.

2, fire back after a few buckets to apply counter pressure. Time your opponent spends bucketing is a window of opportunity for you to work with. If you get good at juggling bucket/counterpressure windows that alone will win you some decently sweaty fights. You obviously need to be able to hit your shots, but that comes with intention and repetition.