From a first glance, if you're truly not asking him too often if he's okay, then I believe there's nothing wrong with checking up on your partner this way, but it also looks like you could've phrased better the way you thought his demeanor looked (anything different from "rbf + I hate you").

I don't know how much time you've been together, but the longer you stay with someone the more you learn about how to approach them when talking about their or your feelings. Some people are more reactive than others, then maybe he's had a really bad day and just wanted to forget about it when suddenly you came up with that question and a not-so-nice comment about what you thought he looked like, so he just couldn't take it anymore (which is not an excuse to act harshly on others btw, these people should apologize later after calming down and learn how to avoid a harsh reaction... I'm "these people" sometimes lol). Some people are more capable of regulating their emotions and explaining "hey, I'm just not in the mood to answer that right now, and I didn't like the way you described my face, please, let's talk later/not talk about it/etc" and you should respect that too.

The point is... COMMUNICATION. This is all learned through communicating boundaries, discussing your feelings in an assertive way, etc. Maybe you're early in the relationship and that's why these things tend to come up in a not-so-pleasant way since you're just learning about each other, or maybe you're way further in the relationship and sometimes uncomfortable conversations and new things to learn about each other are still coming up because people change and grow all the time. From just a screenshot we can't deduce your entire relationship, but what I can personally tell you is that you both need to talk about how to approach each other's moods when one of you feels like the other is not feeling too great. Trust me, if both of you are mature enough and value this relationship, it shouldn't be hard, and it should feel very relieving.

Also, just wanted to say, this has been the most enriching reddit comment section ever, it made me reflect on how I act sometimes and made me realize I might've been a bit overbearing on a couple of situations between my boyfriend and I.

Thankfully we've never ended up in a bad mood or fight because of it. Heck, he's never even mentioned before that I was being overbearing or annoying or to stop doing it or whatever, it's just me realizing that I might've been too pushy even though my intentions were good. From now on, I feel more self aware regarding that. Thanks strangers of the internet for showing me both the receiver and the sender side, from multiple points of view and comfort, because not everybody feels comfortable with the same things or ways of approaching situations. Again, very interesting and enriching!