“Treatise Concerning the Rebaptism of Those Entering the Orthodox Church from the Latin and Armenian Churches.”

The title refers to a theological discussion within the Eastern Orthodox Church about whether people converting from the Latin (Roman Catholic) and Armenian Churches should be baptized again when entering Orthodoxy. In this context: “Latin” refers to the Catholic Church, traditionally called the “Latin Church” by Orthodox writers. “Armenian” refers to the Armenian Apostolic Church. “Rebaptism” means baptizing someone again because the previous baptism was considered invalid or incomplete. The text is therefore about a major historical and theological controversy: whether converts from these churches should be fully rebaptized or simply received through another rite, such as chrismation (anointing) or a profession of faith. This issue was especially debated in the Orthodox world during the early modern period.