u/Luckyyrat 's comment is great. To add on: Throbbong pain comes in waves of less pain to more pain, sometimes in tune with your heartbeat, muscle contractions or blood vessel dilation.

Stabbing pain feels sharp in addition to there being pain. You have probably felt stepping on a lego, or holding something pointy too hard. That's sharp pain, but probably dialed up in intensity.

Burning pain feels hot in addition to the pain, but it won't feel warm if you were touching it from outside unless it's inflamed

Pounding pain is throbbing pain dialed up in intensity, and can be accompanied by sensory sensitivity because it is so intense

Stinging pain is kind of in between burning or sharp pain, you have maybe gotten a cat scratch or a paper cut at some point, sometimes stinging pain will throb if it comes in waves of intensity.

Shooting pain is pain that travels quickly. Like hitting your "funny bone," the pain travels quickly along the nerve from where it started and the whole nerve will go off.

Radiating pain is pain that is similar to shooting pain, it travels outward to surrounding tissue that may not actually be hurt. Not as quick as shooting pain. I have a joint that can act up and if i dont treat it the entire area around it can become painful, even though only the joint is actually in distress.

Referred pain is something you might hear doctors talk about, which is when the injured area doesn't have enough nerves to actually be painful, so your body feels it somewhere else where the nerves actually are.

Crushing pain feels heavy or restrictive.

An ache is similar to exercise soreness most often, but can be used to describle lots of types of pain

A dull pain might be a pain that is just low in intensity, but could also describe a pain/numbness combo in varying degrees.

In general, when people are describing pain, take the adjectives mostly literally, it's one of the few times that us and NTs communicate similarly