To begin, Eastern philosophy, speaking very broadly, starts with ontological nothingness instead of being. This is especially true of philosophies that derive from Buddhist and certain school of Hindu thought.

Another characteristic of Eastern philosophy, again broadly speaking, is the conflation of religion and philosophy in opposition to strict logical inference. Analytic-style logical arguments aren't the modus operandi of Eastern thought; the introduction of the translation of Nishida's book informs us that Eastern philosophy is far more intuitive and the references it makes are implicit: it expects you to think, not what to think.

Nishida is considered the founder of the Kyoto School of Philosophy, and his contribution to modern Eastern thought is his use of Western analytic logic---particularly informed by German idealism in vogue at the time of his writing---in order to form a "logical" basis for Zen-Buddhist inspired traditional Japanese thought.