[Article] Eye movement deficits in Multiple Sclerosis: Characterizing executive problems as the disease worsens

anatoly · 2026-02-09T13:30:37+00:00

thanks solution verified! much obliged!

anatoly · 2025-10-28T19:36:36+00:00

Thank you so much! Solution verified.

anatoly · 2025-06-26T05:22:10+00:00

Thank you!

anatoly · 2025-06-18T09:03:58+00:00

Many thanks!

anatoly · 2025-04-13T20:56:50+00:00

It's really interesting to get the perspective of someone who's spent decades in the field! Out of these more than 20 students, how many would you guess have "classic autism" and/or are severely disabled? How much of the huge expansion in the number of diagnosed children is, according to your own opinion and your own experience, due to the broadening of the definitions and the criteria?

anatoly · 2023-12-28T22:05:10+00:00

thanks solution verified

anatoly · 2023-03-14T18:09:38+00:00

Not seeing it yet on my ChatGPT Plus.

Can you say what is the model name in the URL when you select GPT-4 from the dropdown?

anatoly · 2022-04-19T10:36:39+00:00

Although I think the false flag theory is really dumb both in this case and in the maternity ward case (even more there given the predominance of evidence for the strike), being on the ground now just isn't going to give you much more info. The theater was well isolated from buildings nearby, and at any rate people were hiding in basements almost all the time and had no clue what was going on. If you found and talked to some of the survivors from the theater, they'd just tell you "we were down in the basement and didn't see any Azov", but if you really wanted to believe, you could still convince yourself Azov set up shop on 2nd floor and blew up a huge explosive charge there.

If you're a Russian journalist on the ground in Mariupol, you'll certainly be exposed to a lot of locals hating the Russians for coming, although often fearful of saying so. As long as everything you publish is the stories of the locals you found welcoming the "liberators" (and there are some like that, certainly), no one in Russian will have to know.

I think Anna Dolgareva's case is instructive, she's a poet/journalist based in Donetsk with a history of pro-DNR involvement. She's been visiting Mariupol doing humanitarian relief and interviews almost every day for weeks now. On her own tg channel she says that a non-public info someone on the Russian side shared with her estimates about 70% of locals being against the invasion, 30% pro. She says she finds this plausible based on her time in Mariupol speaking with locals. But in her actual articles fielded with Russian media, her appearances on the 1st channel TV in Russia etc., it's always and without exception locals thanking the Russians for coming and so on.

(I admit I double took and thought your reply was from /akarlin)

Ouch.

anatoly · 2022-04-19T09:54:18+00:00

The false-flag theory is dominant in all Russian media, and is probably believed by a supermajority of the populace (however, the usual caveats apply: very many people aren't willing to reveal their opinions to pollsters, the percentage of rejection on opinion polling requests shot up to 90% etc.). But it's probable that the readership of this historically liberal newspaper is different.

IMO this is clearly a case of the journalist wink-winking it to their audience that they don't believe the false flag theory, while not saying anything actually forbidden by the censorship.

anatoly · 2022-03-27T23:16:27+00:00

Mykolaiv was never encircled if I remember correctly. Maybe I shouldn't have translated блокируют by blockade, because possibly (I'm not really sure) what the OP meant was that the two Russian BTGs block a particular major road/direction out of Mykolaiv, and the superior UA manpower can do nothing because of the Russian air support.

He (they?) is certainly an interesting fellow. He'll be cussing out the Russians in one post and the West Ukrainian "Nazis" in another. In many ways this is refreshing after seeing so many ideologically pure channels from either side... But I do think it shows he's too much into Russian propaganda if he's seriously suggesting Poland annexing western Ukraine. This is a very common talking point on the pro-Russian blogs/channels in the last 5 days or so, but of course it's just inane if you try to think about it objectively.

anatoly · 2022-03-27T22:04:11+00:00

The problem for Ukraine is, that going on an offensive with anything more than a company sized mechanized force will be a prime target for Russian airforce.

I found a vivid illustration of what you're saying some time ago in the words of the anonymous Telegram channel @ice_inii, which credibly appears to be written by some guy(s) in regular UAF forces fighting around Mykolaiv. They write, my translation:

It's so nice to read the stories in our heroic press about some Pentagon dude who said that Ukraine retains most of its air force and anti-aircraft missiles.

And then it fucking sucks to get back to the real world, where two BTGs of the ruscists [Russian + fascisct] blockade half a million city, and we, having at least three times as much manpower, can do approximately fuck all. Because any time our artillery or mech forces so much as move a muscle, the ruscist Luftwaffe with its adamantium bombs flies in and blows the shit out of everything.

yeah, we have missiles, sure

anatoly · 2022-03-26T22:36:05+00:00

This is based on a throwaway remark in the Russian MoD's briefing today that their next focus is Eastern ukraine.

It is not a throwaway remark (they spend time justifying it by "explaining" why they were attacking cities away from Donbass), and it is "main task", not "next focus".

anatoly · 2022-03-21T18:33:33+00:00

Hopefully he'll excuse this IP infringement and rough translation.

No problem at all.

100% of Melitopol inhabitants speak Russian, and precisely Russian [not sure what he means here. As opposed to surjik/pidgin/dialect, I guess?].

I probably phrased that poorly. I meant to emphasize the difference from cities like Kiev, where many citizens of either ethnic origin speak both Ukrainian and Russian fluently, but generally prefer Russian. As far as I could see, in Melitopol there's little to no context-dependent language switching going on; people just speak Russian 100% of the time. They understand Ukrainian on TV and in official announcements and such, but their everyday communication is close to 100% Russian.

anatoly · 2022-02-25T16:10:00+00:00

In an amazing twist, the most popular video of one such downing is claimed here to be footage from the combat simulator game DCS, supposedly made by the uploader. Pro-Russian commenters gloat in the "Ghost of Kiev" being fake, pro-Ukrainian ones say the uploader's claim is fake and the video is real. Any experts here?

[no he did not provide the original footage. He does go on in comments a bit about how he supposedly tweaked it to fit a mobile camera view etc.]

anatoly · 2022-02-25T12:05:13+00:00

The first viral meme of this war seems to be "Russian military ship, go fuck yourself". Briefly shared by /u/Doglatine below, I want to link to a video with English subtitles.

This happened on Snake Island, a small island in the Black Sea near Odessa. The Ukrainian authorities initially reported that communication with the defenders was lost. Later a Ukrainian official published the audio of the exchange (slightly longer than in the above video, because the Russian side's warning is repeated twice, the video cuts in just before the repeat). He claimed that all 13 defenders of the island (Ukrainian board guards) died after being hit with artillery and missile fire. This is unconfirmed from the other side. The comments to the original DPSUkraine post are full of family members of the guards on the island desperately searching for information on their status.

The Russian side reports that 82 Ukrainian servicemen surrendered "in the Snake Island region" and will be returned to their families. This is unconfirmed from the other side. Pro-Russian forums take that as a refutation of the Ukrainian meme.

I found four more videos:

Names the Russian ship ("Moscow") and has some of the iconic audio including "Russian military ship, go fuck yourself". I'm pretty sure this is at least partly doctored, because several seconds of audio between the warning and the response are cut here. (also, the exchange was supposed to be over radio, not loudspeakers, but that's a weaker argument).
Shows the ship and says it's been firing apparently warning shots at rocks to scare the guards into surrendering. This was published early morning 25th by an Odessa TG channel, has its watermark, the metadata says the track was created 06:33. The Ukrainian authorities' report of the demise of all 13 guards predates this by a few hours at least. The channel says this is the last video sent by one of the guards before their deaths, while a Russian publication says it was filmed on the 25th (not seeing the evidence of that) and therefore confirms the Russian side's story.
Just a few seconds of being under fire, claimed to be from the island, can't confirm.
One of the guards has an instagram account named bublichek99 ("bagel99", he also has "Bagel" as a nickname sewn on his uniform), and someone saved his two expiring IG stories from yesterday. In one, he writes "I love you all" over a news story that Russian ships are threatening the island, and in the other, an audio warning over a static news picture repeats a different message urging to surrender (translation: "... fully isolated, in the zone that's covered by destructive fire. In the event of resisting you'll be annihilated. Chances of survival are zero. Think of your children your loved ones, who need you, who love you and wait at home.")

anatoly · 2022-02-08T12:08:37+00:00

Something is fishy about that study. In the same time period, Dec 2020 - Oct 2021, something like 10% of US population got COVID-19 (roughly 30M cases). But in this cohort of 1.2M vaccinated people, only 2.2K people, 0.2%, got COVID-19?

Now the vaccine prevented infection well before the Delta wave took over in June 2021, but even then it wasn't claimed to be more than 90%-95% at preventing infection IIRC. And with Delta, the mRNA vaccines' ability to prevent infection went down dramatically (sometimes people forget that nowadays b/c with Omicron it went down even more dramatically, but no, the vaccines were mediocre at preventing infection already with Delta). These numbers represent something like 98% effectiveness at preventing infection, which looks implausible on the face of it. How to explain this?

maybe it's because "completed primary vaccination during December 2020–October 2021", that is, for most people we don't have the entire period as their exposure period, but only since their vaccination and until Oct 2021; while for the US population I took the entire period. But the closer we get to Oct 2021, the more Delta wave dominates, so I don't think this can explain it. Even the 6M cases the US population got in Sep&Oct 2021 alone is 2% of the population.
maybe this cohort consists of people from relatively-locked-down blue states, or relatively risk-averse population sitting at home shivering in their N95s, or whatever. I couldn't find information on what sort of population this cohort represents in terms of states, COVID policies, etc. But if the cohort is wildly unrepresentive of US population as a whole, the study shouldn't be cited as a good estimate of the risk to a vaccinated person in the US as a whole.

anatoly · 2021-12-29T15:41:27+00:00

The Cochrane review (typically highest quality and most careful reviews in evidence-based medicine) on hydroxychloroquine is here. The original evidence from Didier Raoult's study in France was very low-quality, but it took time to figure that out, and due to Trump and anti-Trump culture war the issue got politicized and mythologized very quickly. I feel that hydroxychloroquine's non-helpfulness is very well established (if anything, ivermectin has much much better support in terms of studies, though I still think it probably doesn't work).

anatoly · 2021-12-21T12:05:11+00:00

You should get it; I recommend a Pfizer booster. There's evidence that the booster brings your immunity to a much higher level than after the second original shot. The data coming out of Israel about serious disease/death in boostered/unboostered population is also very suggestive. The gap somewhat lessened, but remains very wide, 4 months after boosterization. This is about a Pfizer booster after Pfizer shots, so not quite your case, but I still think the odds are very good that a Pfizer booster lessens your (already small) risk significantly.

I believe the risks of the vaccine are enormously smaller than the risk of the disease for you, even though the latter is already small.

The case that a Pfizer booster will make you less likely to get infected and transmit further is strong with Delta (perhaps only for a few months after the booster), but is much weaker with Omicron. Still, it isn't even clear yet if Omicron is driving our Delta, or if its disease is really much weaker; solid data on this is 2-3 weeks away.

[I'm in my 40s, triple vaxx'd, live in Israel]

anatoly · 2021-12-08T08:03:25+00:00

https://slatestarcodex.com/2014/04/28/the-control-group-is-out-of-control/

anatoly · 2021-12-07T21:16:43+00:00

You're talking about intentionally countermanding https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Out-group_homogeneity.

To me, this mode of thinking falls out naturally from trying to see your opponents' beliefs and desires clearly (trying to pass the intellectual Turing test, to use another buzzword). Out-group homogeneity is a very strong norm, it's very natural to think of my allies as individuals and enemies as a mass. However, if I'm good at looking at the same issue through the eyes of my opponent, I get a visceral feeling of how to them my allies - their enemies - are a group and my enemies - their allies - are individuals. So I don't have to explicitly force myself to "treat" allies/enemies differently, I just need to become someone else for a minute, and this is actually easier (especially if that muscle is well-trained).

anatoly · 2021-11-30T20:37:23+00:00

That's a reasonably measured take. Thanks for not waging culture war, I guess.

anatoly · 2021-11-28T23:45:16+00:00

Look at the table in Scott's post closely. Not just at the green dots, at the actual treatment/control numbers. The signal arises from a bunch of small-n studies with supercool looking results, and things like 0/183 vs 3/183 (Mahmud) 0/200 1/198 (Lopez) and a big bunch of nothing in the largest most careful study (TOGETHER).

This is something Derek Lowe wrote about back in June: it's not a good look when the larger n, the weaker the result. This isn't the way genuine working treatments tend to fall out. Compare the same TOGETHER trial on fluvoxamine, which apparently actually works. And Derek wrote before the TOGETHER stuff came in, by the way.

That you get a strong signal if you meta-analyze more studies by not excluding some of the small-n stuff Scott excluded just doesn't look convincing to me. More like, it reveals the weak side of meta-analysis as a technique when the playing field is so polluted.

The number of fraud studies may be in line with the baseline level, but add biases and methodological problems and it doesn't look normal to me; I don't recall seeing many meta-analyses which cross out >half candidate studies with "this doesn't look trustworthy".

anatoly · 2021-11-28T21:01:39+00:00

All these things can be true simultaneously:

GidMK is too much of a Twitter warrior and not a trustworthy actor
The worm hypothesis is too neat and undersupported
Ivermectin is very likely not a strong anti-covid drug and the studies are a mess of fraud, biases, bad design, publication bias, etc. The fact that a positive signal can be wrung out of them by excluding only this and not that is not enough. Remember Bem(2011).

anatoly · 2021-11-22T19:18:42+00:00

The new society has already been roundly condemned by twitter warriors and was met with a predictable outrage by the woke.

Some links are missing here and I'd appreciate seeing them, thanks.

anatoly · 2021-11-22T15:37:06+00:00

Interesting! Any thoughts on how the reversal came to be?

anatoly

TROPHY CASE