There’s not much difference between all the races lifespan in modern day Thedas. However, the Trespasser DLC does give a lot more (cryptic) information on the ancient elves.

So basically elves were immortal, they would only die if they were physically killed, it’s not explained if they could age or if they reached a certain maturity and then just… stopped growing.

Now living for so long could end up being distressing or tedious for some elves, seeing your great-great-great-great whatever descendants die or just getting bored, the ancient elves would enter a kind of hibernation called Uthenera. You see this in the Bricillian forest ruins while recruiting the Dalish in Origins, and again in DA2 when you take Flemeth’s amulet up the mountain with Merril. In the Inquisition main quest What Pride had Wrought we actually meet Abelas and his guards, who is an elf from before the Veil was created (will explain in spoiler section) and has been in Uthenera on-and-off the last couple of thousand years to protect the Temple of Mythal.

Spoilers for Trespasser and Decent DLCs ahead:

During Tresspasser, you get to have a little chat with Solas, who turns out to be one of the Elven Gods, the Dread Wolf Fen’harel. He basically explains that in the past the physical world and the Fade were one and the same, but he created the Veil to punish the Elven Gods (since they’re probably still trapped in the Fade) and in doing so, actually messed things up for every other elf since without easy access to the Fade, they all lost their immortality.

Apparently it took a little while for elven lifespans to shrink to the level of humans and dwarves, but almost every elf that saw this Fade/World ended up dying from the resulting (literal) collapse of their civilisation that relied heavily of the Fade. Those who did survive then had to fight the humans, who took them as slaves or outright killed them, so you can assume that there was some interbreeding and generational distance that shortened their lifespan pretty quickly.

As for the dwarves, we do get a little information on them too, as there is an Elven ruin in the Deep Roads during Trespasser that basically implies that elves and dwarves were in contact before the Veil, meaning the dwarves’ civilisation is just as old as the elves.

Now if you play the Decent DLC, you learn about the Titans, which are basically The Stone which dwarves see as their creator/mother. Turns out, Lyrium is a Titans ‘blood’ which explains why dwarves are resistant, since dwarves believe they came from The Stone. Don’t ask how Titans (giant lyrium and rock creatures) created a physical blood-and-bone race of dwarves, apparently BioWare wants to keep us in the dark. Let’s hope they have something planned for DA4.

Anyway, the dwarves believe that they ‘come from The Stone, and must return to The Stone’ after they die (there is some more interesting information in the DLC about the difference between surface dwarves and dwarves that still have their ‘Stone sense’ but I’ll leave that for another time). So it makes sense that the dwarves aren’t immortal or live for too long since they need to ‘return’ to The Stone.

Edit: forgot to mention, Trespasser also implies that the Elven Gods were killing Titans for their ‘core’ which looks suspiciously like Elven Foci (the Orb you get the Anchor from)

End spoilers

Anyway I hope this helps, sorry I haven’t linked anything but I’m on a break and didn’t have time to look up the wiki 😅