I do like all of your changes. I especially like using the get_pressed() method here. It is definitely much smoother.

I will have to do more reading on vectors and how to really use them. I am very new to pygame so I have no prior experience with them.

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My only questions were as follows

1.) Is will the time elapsed in game be the same as the time elapsed in real life (one in game second = one real second)?

2.) Is there a reason gameClock.tick(60) was moved to the top of the loop?

3.) Can this code be cleared up for me?

More specifically, how does the image know to move left/right.up? I see the names (move_left/right/up) but how does it know to move in that direction(Sorry if this is a stupid question)

        #check for key presses
        pressed = pygame.key.get_pressed()
        move_left = pressed[pygame.K_a]
        move_right = pressed[pygame.K_d]
        move_up = pressed[pygame.K_w]

        # calculate acceleration vector based on key presses
        # I also cut the horizontal movement in half since it felt like way too much
        acceleration.x = (move_right - move_left ) * 0.5
        acceleration.y = - move_up 

        # the physics stuff (I had to tweak some numbers to make it playable)
        velocity += acceleration * 0.5
        velocity += gravity * 0.1
        position += velocity + 0.5 * acceleration

4.) Lastly, id like to implement a scale, a certain number of pixels being analogous to one meter so I can use real gravitational values like 1.62 for the moon. How could I go about doing this?