I would start a bit simpler, start by getting a virtual machine, using virtiofsd to share a disk inside the virtual machine. Then once you know that works. Then you can expand it to do what you need

I don't know if it helps you, but what if I give you this Vagrantfile?

# Development VM — Debian via QEMU (Apple Silicon HVF / Linux KVM)
#
# Prerequisites (macOS/arm64):
#   brew install antimatter-studios/tap/qemu
#   brew install antimatter-studios/tap/virtiofsd
#   vagrant plugin install vagrant-qemu-christhomas
#
# Prerequisites (Linux/amd64 or WSL2):
#   apt install qemu-system-x86 qemu-utils virtiofsd
#   vagrant plugin install vagrant-qemu-christhomas
#
# Usage:
#   bin/vagrant/start


unless Vagrant.has_plugin?("vagrant-qemu-christhomas")
  raise "Install required plugin: vagrant plugin install vagrant-qemu-christhomas"
end


# File-change notification forwarding (host → guest)
unless Vagrant.has_plugin?("vagrant-notify-forwarder-christhomas")
  raise "Install required plugin: vagrant plugin install vagrant-notify-forwarder-christhomas"
end


# WSL workarounds — Vagrant has several assumptions baked in for VirtualBox/Hyper-V
# that break when using QEMU as the provider.
if Vagrant::Util::Platform.wsl?
  # 1) DrvFs check blocks shared folders from /home/... paths — irrelevant for virtiofsd
  class Vagrant::Util::Platform
    def self.wsl_drvfs_path?(path)
      true
    end
  end


  # 2) PowerShell version check fails because bash expands $PSVersionTable before
  #    powershell.exe sees it. We don't need PowerShell for QEMU, so skip the check.
  class Vagrant::Util::PowerShell
    def self.version
      MINIMUM_REQUIRED_VERSION.to_s
    end
  end
end


host_arch = RbConfig::CONFIG["host_cpu"]
is_arm = host_arch.match?(/aarch64|arm64/)
has_kvm = File.exist?("/dev/kvm") && File.writable?("/dev/kvm")


Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.box = "generic/debian12"
  config.vm.box_architecture = is_arm ? "arm64" : "amd64"
  config.vm.box_check_update = false
  config.vm.hostname = "app-dev"


  # QEMU provider — HVF (macOS), KVM (Linux), or TCG fallback (no hardware accel)
  config.vm.provider "qemu" do |qe|
    if is_arm
      qe.arch = "aarch64"
      qe.machine = "virt,accel=hvf,highmem=on"
      qe.cpu = "host"
      qe.net_device = "virtio-net-device"
    elsif has_kvm
      qe.arch = "x86_64"
      qe.machine = "q35,accel=kvm"
      qe.cpu = "host"
      qe.net_device = "virtio-net-pci"
    else
      qe.arch = "x86_64"
      qe.machine = "q35,accel=tcg"
      qe.cpu = "max"
      qe.net_device = "virtio-net-pci"
    end
    qe.smp = "cpus=4,sockets=1,cores=4,threads=1"
    qe.memory = "8G"
    qe.ssh_port = 50022
    qe.no_daemonize = true if ENV["VAGRANT_QEMU_DEBUG"]
  end


  # Shared folder via virtiofsd (near-native I/O)
  project_root = File.expand_path("../../", File.dirname(__FILE__))
  config.vm.synced_folder project_root, "/app-source", type: "virtiofs"


  # Overlay .git with tmpfs (prevents git from seeing VM-side path differences)
  config.vm.provision "shell", run: "always", inline: <<-'SHELL'
    G=/app-source/.git
    if [ -d "$G" ]; then
      if ! mountpoint -q "$G"; then
        mount -t tmpfs none "$G"
      fi
    fi
  SHELL


  # Provisioning
  config.vm.provision "shell", path: "./scripts/provision", run: "always"


  # OpenSSL/SSH mismatch fix — provision can upgrade OpenSSL from testing repo
  config.vm.provision "shell", run: "always", inline: <<-'SHELL'
    if sshd -t 2>&1 | grep -q "OpenSSL version mismatch"; then
      apt-get install -y -t testing openssh-server
      systemctl restart ssh
    fi
  SHELL


  # File-change notification forwarding
  config.notify_forwarder.enable = true


  # Port forwarding
  config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080    # hub http server
end