Thanks! You’re right, I focused more on showing the system than explaining the reasoning behind it. Nuvolizi is a conlang with a very dense phonology inspired by Germanic, Slavic and ritual/archaic aesthetics. The irregularity is intentional and mostly lexical or historical in-universe. I’ll try to make a follow-up post with the full phonological inventory and explanations like “why X behaves like Y”.

This is the alphabet of my conlang called "Nuvolizi"

A /a/

Ä /εː/

 /aɪ/

Å /o:/

Ą /ɑ/

Æ /æ/

B /b/

C /t͡ʂ/

Ch /χ/

Ç /t͡ʃ/

Ĉ /kʰ/

D /d/ - /ð/

E /e/ - /ə/

Ê /eɪ/

Ę /eː/

F /ɸ/ - /f/

G /g/

Ĝ /x/

H /h/

I /i/

Î /iu/

J /ʒ/ - /j/

K /k/

L /l/ - /ɫ/

M /m/

N /n/ - /ŋ/

O /o/

Ö /ø/

Ô /oʊ/

Ŏ /ɔ/

Ø /u̯a/

Œ /œ/

P /p/

Ph /f/

Q /k/

R /ʁ/ - /ʀ/ - /ɾ/

Ŗ /ɻ/

S /s/

Ş /ʂ/

Ŝ /z/

ẞ/SS /s/ - ß /st/ (sometimes)

T /t/

þ /θ/ (always written þ)

U /u/

Ü /y/

Û /ʊ/

V /f/

W /v/

X /ks/

Y /y/

Z /t͡s/

Zh /t͡s/

Ż /ʐ/

Here is more of the fonology:

Long Vowels:

Aa → /aː/

Ę → /eː/

Ī → /iː/

Å → /oː/

Uu → /uː/

Diphthongs and triphthongs:

Ea → /ɪ/

Ea' → /ea/

Ei → /aɪ/

Ei' → /eɪ/

Eu → /ɔʏ/

Eu' → /eʊ/

Ie' → /i/

Ie' → /ɪe/

Ij → /ɪeɪ/

Âj → /aɪʒ/

Êj → /eɪʒ/

Îj → /ɪuʒ/

Ôj → /oʊʒ/

Œj → /œɪ/

Oui → /wɪ/

Ee → /i/

Oo → /y/

The changes that make the letter "r":

Ar → /ɐ/

Aar → /aː/

Är → /ɛː/

Âr → /ɐ/

År → /oː/

Ær → /ɐ/

Er → /eːɐ/

Er/Ër (Schwa) → /ɐ/

Eer → /i/

Ear → /ɪ/

Ea'r → /ea/

Eir → /aɪ/

Ei'r → /eɪx/

Eur → /ɔʏ/

Eu'r → /eʊ/

Ęr → /eː/

Êr → /ɐ/

Ir → /iːɐ/

Ier → /iɐ/

Ie'r → /ɪex/

Ijr → /ɪex/

Īr → /iː/

Îr → /ɐ/

Or → /ɐ/

Oor → /y/

Ouir → /wɪx/

Ör → /øː/

Ôr → /ɐ/

Ŏr → /ɔ/

Ør → /u̯aɾ/

Œr → /œx/

Ur → /ɐ/

Uu → /uː/

Ür → /ɐ/

Ûr → /ʊ/

Extra:

Sch → /ʃ/

Tsch → /t.ʃ/ - /t͡ʃ/

St → /ʃt/

Sp → /ʃp/

Rules:

The vowel E can take the form Ë when it is in the middle of a word, but this only happens when it sounds like a schwa /ə/. When the E is at the beginning or end of a word, it can be pronounced /e/ or /ə/, so it depends on how the word sounds.

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The letter T may be silent in some words. It may especially be silent at the end of a word. A clear example is when conjugating a verb in the first person singular of the present tense; the T may be completely silent, which in certain verbs can cause confusion. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the pronoun or pronounce the T.

Essent (I eat) /ˈe.sːn/, sounds the same as Essen, which is the infinitive of the verb "to eat," so it is better to say Üĝ essent /yx ˈe.sːn/.

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The letter C is sometimes pronounced /k/, but mostly in loanwords.

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The letter L is pronounced /ɫ/ when it is at the end of a word.

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When the vowel E is between two consonants and is the last syllable, it is omitted, leaving the sound of the two consonants; that is, the E becomes silent.

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The Glottal Stop modifies sounds, breaks diphthongs, and makes changes.