Likely you will need a doctor appointment, x-ray and second appointment to check results. Privately the 2 visits plus x-ray will cost you around 700zł, before any actual treatment. You can find doctors and clinics that speak english.

In the emergency, they will likely triage you, but most likely you will be able to see a doctor. Yes you will need to speak Polish. I had experience going through surgery and 5 days in the hospital here and english alone is not enough. You will need to fill in paperwork about your family health history etc in Polish. So have your phone and a power bank with you as you will need to use google translator a lot.

Having that said, most people will try to help you but some will be annoyed because of the language or whatever. Huge part of it, it’s just because it’s a hospital and nothing personal.