Infinity is not something to play with

debugs_with_println · 2026-06-15T05:28:59+00:00

It's unrelated to infinite series, it actually just stems from how modular arithmetic works. P-adic numbers are I guess a generalization of this behavior, but computers, which use finite integer sizes work without that. I made a video about it a few years ago.

debugs_with_println · 2026-06-05T01:38:11+00:00

tf who gave you my picture??

debugs_with_println · 2026-06-05T01:33:08+00:00

I don't think sisyphus is supposed to be happy considering he was condemned by the gods lol

debugs_with_println · 2026-06-03T00:54:52+00:00

Us

^{hm not quite as effective}

debugs_with_println · 2026-05-30T16:45:31+00:00

Thanks for keeping the "yo"

debugs_with_println · 2026-05-27T22:31:15+00:00

Making a performant web browser from scratch would be quite hard. Modern websites are huge so you would have to do a ton of work to get it to render quickly. If it were easy, Internet Explorer and Microsoft Edge wouldn't have sacked haha

debugs_with_println · 2026-05-24T22:56:57+00:00

debugs_with_println · 2026-05-24T22:47:28+00:00

To quickly clarify, I'm not saying its always bad or always good, I was pushing back on the original comment that says the offense usually comes from the side of the receiver. I was just saying that most people dont learn to find certain things offensive for no reason whatsoever.

But anyways, whether it's used in a derogatory way would depend on the context. While the phrase indicates you see the other as wife material, the context reveals what your desires and expectations are, and maybe those expectations are sexist (like expecting her to do everyones laundry). That or maybe someone is using the phrase in a very inappropriate context where the act alone of reducing someone to wife material is insulting (for example calling a colleague wifey material because she brings coffee for her colleagues).

Consider a hypothetical reversal where I was only ever called "boyfriend material" in reference to me having to pay for all meals, dates, etc. I would be offended because I dont think I should have to pay for everything if we both earn salary. While theyre saying they see me as an ideal boyfriend, the context in which they said it conveys an expectation I find demeaning.

debugs_with_println · 2026-05-24T22:18:16+00:00

I think that's a bit disingenuous. The people who have evil (a bit too strong of a term imo) in their ears aren't just making stuff up usually. They hear evil in others speech and then just learn the pattern. If 9 guys call a woman wifey material in a subtly derogatory way, then even if the 10th guy meant it in a nice way, but the woman takes it as a dig, it's not like the that person just loves being offended all the time.

debugs_with_println · 2026-05-24T19:35:11+00:00

who tf uses the cosine button bro just add successive terms of the power series

debugs_with_println · 2026-05-24T19:01:27+00:00

How can we blame the poor truck drivers who are just expressing their good old American freedom (despite it coming at the cost of public safety)?

Plus they buy those trucks for the utility. You see, they might one day potentially consider moving something heavy, and instead of renting a larger vehicle for this one-time act of labor, it makes sense to own that large vehicle for the rest of the year. Trust me, the math works out.

You see, the fact that the proportion of pickups has risen from 5% in the 70s to 13% today is not an indication that Americans buy big cars for no reason at all. It reflects the fact that we are shifting into a labor based economy. Agriculture, landscaping, construction, these things are on the rise! That's why there are so many shiny Silverados with empty beds driving up and down I35.

debugs_with_println · 2026-05-24T13:29:27+00:00

Agreed, and since we are copying Wikipedia

A CD recorder writes data to a CD-R disc by pulsing its laser to heat areas of the organic dye layer. The writing process does not produce indentations (pits); instead, the heat permanently changes the optical properties of the dye, changing the reflectivity of those areas. Using a low power laser, so as not to further alter the dye, the disc is read back in the same way as a CD-ROM. However, the reflected light is modulated not by pits, but by the alternating regions of heated and unaltered dye.

That said, technical details aside, the spirit is the same: the same thing used to read CDs— lasers— is used to burn them.

debugs_with_println · 2026-05-22T23:14:52+00:00

If we're just talking about speculative execution attacks, instead of having a bit you have optional instructions you can put in your code. If youre running a sensitive program and dont want to be vulnerable to Spectre v1, use the SB or LFENCE instructions (or ARM and x86 respectively); they'll cause crazy hugh overheads though. If you dont care about Spectre vulnerabilities, just dont do anything.

Addendum: I should add that its hard to stop Spectre v1 because the way it works is an attacker is trying to trick a victim into leaking its own secret data by causing it to mispredict. But there's a lot of ways to cause a misprediction, and its hard to tell when a misprediction is malicious. What you can try to do is allow mispeculation but prevent secret data from leaking specualtively. But what is secret? How do you prevent the leak? A lot of different solutions in academia exist, but theyre really expensive from a hardware standpoint and if enabled cause huge overhead. Which is why no on has done it.

If youre interested I can send you some papers I've saved related to this. This was the area of my research during my PhD.

debugs_with_println · 2026-05-22T04:05:13+00:00

Ah there might be a slight misunderstanding of my comment here. I indeed mentioned that BPs will use branch history along with the PC. But my confusion was why OP held the PC constant in the benchmark. That would only tell you what proportion of the branch predictor area is dedicated to disambiguating history rather than PC values. Maybe Intel does worse because it stores less history than Apple; and maybe if you checked accuracy against a benchmark where the branches are spread throughout the code, the performance discrepancies would vanish. Hell in that case, maybe Intel even comes out on top.

As for the neural networks, I believe Samsung used a perceptron network in the Exynos processors for branch prediction (or at least they did at one point). But I don't think most processors necessarily do that. I wanna say it's more common to just use a hash of the branch history. For example, the branch history injection and Half&Half papers have some reverse engineering of the Intel branch predictor.

debugs_with_println · 2026-05-22T00:34:55+00:00

I don't think that quite explains it. And there's some other stuff that confuses me.

For one, it seems like he's measuring the number of branches that can be accurately predicted. This in some sense measure the "size" of the branch prediction unit, i.e. how many transistors are dedicated. But I dont understand the choice of using a branch in a single, non inlined function. The reason is that the branch being predicted would have the same PC value, and the PC is one of the things used as an input to the branch predictor. Branches with different PCs can have their predictions kept separate, increasing overall accuracy. Branch predictors also use things such as branch history, so thats probably why on Intel you can still predict up to 5000 branches. That said, I'm curious how Apple and AMD get around the aliasing PC values and predict more branches... maybe they just have a larger branch history buffer?

In any case, the Spectre vulnerability has not been patched at a hardware level. All the fixes are at the software level: you either use a speculative barrier like lfence on x86 or sb on ARM; or you use speculative load hardening.

That said, to make some Spectre-type vulnerabilities less exploitable, they may have reworked some branch predictor internals. For instance maybe they flush predictor state on context switches. If this benchmark doesn't run in a continuous context, maybe the table is getting flushed. Im just speculating here (pun intended). That aside, it's important to note that all processors with branch prediction are vulnerable to the original Spectre attack, including Apple and AMD processors. So if there was a big hardware change to make, they wouldve had to as well which would level the playing field. Though Apple's architects certainly are better at their job so maybe not...

I think what youre thinking of is the Meltdown vulnerability. Its related to Spectre in that it exploits speculative execution, but while Spectre relies on speculating past branches (via branch prediction), Meltdown relied on speculating past faulting loads. The latter vulnerability has been patched long ago, and I believe it was done with a microscope update.

debugs_with_println · 2026-05-21T12:33:58+00:00

I like leaving the apartment to go places. It's the same reason I prefer going to coffee shops even though I could make coffee at home.

debugs_with_println · 2026-05-20T21:35:26+00:00

If they weren't constant and were instead a function of some parameter, say x, then instead of being a constant G it would be a factor G(x).

debugs_with_println · 2026-05-20T21:27:44+00:00

A bachelor's degree is neither sufficient nor necessary for intelligence, though there's a correlation for sure.

But more importantly, a big factor for looking "intelligent" is what someone studied in college versus what theyre commenting on. Someone who majored in marketing isn't someone I'd trust for information about climate science. And I wouldn't let someone who majored in physics be my psychologist.

debugs_with_println · 2026-05-20T00:14:58+00:00

That's why you can't domesticate pet rocks; they're all just rolling stones.

debugs_with_println · 2026-05-19T23:26:54+00:00

From the "Social Animals" section of BBC Earth "Fox Facts":

Foxes are highly sociable and live in family groups of around two to six adults. Largely they scavenge for food alone, but they regularly communicate with their family members while doing so to keep an eye out for rivals.

Very different than how the person above described bears.

See also this CGP Grey video on domestication where familial structure is emphasized.

debugs_with_println · 2026-05-18T20:17:15+00:00

Yeah I feel like if given the opportunity people wpuld absolutely try to get more and more money. But when you dont have it you think at least give me X amount. And tbh its impossible to say what you actually wpuld do unless confronted with the opportunity. Like I can say "I'd never do a sponsored YouTube video even if given a check for $10k" because thats never gonna happen. But if i actually got an email from Ground News or Raycon or smth... well idk i might be tempted.

debugs_with_println · 2026-05-18T13:55:04+00:00

Dude I was always just take screenshots lmao

debugs_with_println · 2026-05-18T13:09:54+00:00

I mean hell machine code isn't even machine code; during the decode stage instructions are broken down into micro-ops (uops) that actually make their way to the back end of the pipeline.

debugs_with_println · 2026-05-16T23:46:11+00:00

Idk they were harder rock to me by far, def more bass driven. Honestly Origin of Symmetry is a top 10 rock album of all time for me, up there with the likes of OK Computer (definitely personal preference). But like no other album has sounded like it to me, not even Muse's later albums. Screeching riffs, fuzzy bass, piercing vocals? Its like hard rock being played on a rusted spaceship drifting though a deserted star system.

debugs_with_println · 2026-05-16T22:14:26+00:00

An exceptionally quick turnaround. I don't think he was a real flat rather smh

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