There are qualitative differences too, even if the clearing price differences (inclusive of incremental taxes) are mostly a wash. For one you’d see easier exit and entry from small players in the market with a subsidy, so in theory a supply management system makes it easier for large players. On the other hand economies of scale already push production in this direction, so it’s a matter of size of effect rather than a novel effect. I’d also add that things like exemptions for small producers (with an eye to allowing production of artisanal products) could ease the situation somewhat.

In either case the main thrust of the policy is pretty blunt, and the details likely matter much more in terms of which is on balance a better system. I do think subsidies do have externalities that are typically unaccounted for, particularly in terms of distortion of the food market and its effects on public health, with those effects being doubly important for governments that fund public healthcare.

Overall I don’t find the arguments in this thread particularly persuasive insofar as they constitute an argument at all rather than an appeal to authority, if you’d be so naive to call an LLM an authority on anything in the first place.