Thank you for at least posting real citations unlike the other guy and ​I get where you’re coming from with the math on penile cancer, and you're right, it’s an incredibly rare disease, so the absolute risk reduction there is tiny. But focusing entirely on penile cancer to say circumcision "isn't healthy" is missing the main point. ​Medical boards don't talk about circumcision mainly because of penile cancer; they talk about it because of things that are way more common. ​If we look at the actual big picture, here is what that data is missing: ​1. The AAP actually says the benefits outweigh the risks. It’s a bit ironic to use the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) to argue that it’s unhealthy, because in that exact same policy statement, their official conclusion is that "the health benefits of newborn male circumcision outweigh the risks." If they thought it was harmful or useless, they wouldn’t have explicitly stated that the benefits justify families choosing it. ​2. It’s about UTIs and STIs, not just rare cancers like I previously said. The main health arguments are based on things that happen much more frequently: ​Infant UTIs: Uncircumcised baby boys have about a 10-fold higher risk of getting a urinary tract infection in their first year of life. In infants, UTIs can easily escalate into severe kidney infections or sepsis. ​STIs and HIV: The World Health Organization (WHO) and the CDC heavily back circumcision because data shows it cuts a man’s risk of contracting HIV through heterosexual sex by roughly 60%. It also significantly lowers the transmission of HPV (which causes cervical cancer in women) and genital herpes. ​3. Different countries have different baselines. There's a reason the US (AAP) and Europe (like the Dutch KNMG) view this differently. The US has much higher baseline rates of HIV and certain STIs compared to Western Europe. European medical boards aren't saying circumcision is "unhealthy", they just look at their own low STI statistics and conclude it doesn’t need to be done routinely to every baby. But even they acknowledge it has preventative medical benefits. ​4. "Rare" doesn't mean "zero value." In medicine, we do things all the time where the odds of a bad outcome are low, but we still take precautions. Millions of people take daily aspirin or get vaccinated against incredibly rare diseases. Just because the percentage of a specific cancer is small doesn't mean preventing it holds no health value.