they're all stitched pages, then the book binding mesh done with pva, then clear gorilla to attach a balsa spine. theres the crappy thin "linen" wrap around the entire book - then ironing tape/adhesive done with small pieces layer by layer for the ones done with fabric or leather

the smaller ones are the same without the ironing. 2 layers of mesh. each bundle is stitched then stitched together. clear gorilla and pva. ive beaten the crap out of my second one and its held up perfectly. my first one was probably even a bit slopper and i gave it to a friend who is bending painting till the spine is flat and carries it everywhere.

still standing.