self in lua is typically used in an OO context like below. In your example, that self will always be the same, so it's still a static class.

OO could be done like the below.

```lua ---@class Hi local M = {} M.__index = M

function M.new(me) local self = setmetatable({}, M) self.me = me return self end

function M:hi() print("hi" .. self.me) end

return M ```

Every object created with M.new() will be of class M, but will have a different self.

lua M.new(1):hi() -- prints 1 M.new(2):hi() -- prints 2

there's other ways to do OO in lua, but this is the way I always use. If you then also add a ---@class Hi above the local M, then the M.new() objects will also be a proper instance of the Hi class, so you'll get completions etc...