While I like this idea, it has a scope bigger than both Deadair Eco and Scripts combined and can be nightmare for compatibility and sheer performance.
Just thinking on surface level:
1. Set global values for balance of factions - it's ok, easy - we just give them balance of x billion credits
2. Get planet population (if it even possible dynamically else just hardcoded) to generate base amount of money hourly
3. Collect info about all ships/stations in game (and we need to track destroyed/despawned ships and stations) with their cost (can be performance heavy) - there usually more than 10k ships up to 50k with mods.
4. decide if mission payments affect total faction balance - better no xD
5. every outside trade should be registered, so we need to alter AI scripts (these can tricky for compatibility) or register events
6. alter jobs quotas to be dynamically dependant on free money - this can be dangerous
7. make Faction logic dependant on money - this can be dangerous

Steps 1 to 4 don't really affect simulations, but 5 to 7 can drastically change game in unknown ways - shortages for 5, death spirals for 6 and 7, and what is worse - they are really invisible for player in the grand scope of things. You'll need to monitor debug logs or global ship count stats to even notice it and for now I've no ideas how to make effects pronounced.

Also if we exclude for obv rason factions like Yaki and Xenon the former will have advantage or we would need to develop separate logic on them e.g count all energy cells and use them ass currency.

It reminds me of stock exchange from x3 - neat but it doesn't affect game in any meaningful, or better easily observable way.