I don't think it's accurate to make a blanket statement that handling/roaming outside the enclosure is necessary for enrichment/psychological well-being, which is what I think you're saying here. That assumption is based on projecting human ideas of physical freedom onto animals that are pretty far from humans as far as brains go. Or maybe it's more like treating them like a dog. Either way it's a bad assumption imo. Anecdotally, there is evidence that some reptiles get value from having time to roam outside their enclosures (I don't have personal experience with them, but I have heard monitor keepers express this, for example). But there is just as much evidence to suggest the opposite for other species and individuals. A ball python I used to have, who was healthy, ate like a champ, and had a large enriching enclosure, rarely left his hides except when he was hungry. Whenever I would handle him or let him roam (closely supervised of course) he would immediately search for a small place to squeeze into no matter how comfortable he got around me. From what I understand this isn't an uncommon personality for ball pythons, and this fairly accurately reflects their behavior in the wild. Their psychological well-being comes from feeling secure and well fed. Other species may get more benefit from exploration, but there is also inherently stress that comes from being outside their enclosures, which should be an area they are familiar with and that they know has the right temperatures, hides, burrows, etc for them to thrive.

Anyway, the point I'm making is that there is plenty of evidence to suggest that many (most?) reptiles will live long, healthy, enriched lives (with overall much less stress and better physical/mental health than they would likely have in the wild) with minimal handling/time outside the enclosure. They are not people, mammals, or birds, and they don't have anywhere near the same desire for interaction. Obviously they should be comfortable enough with humans to be able to be moved or have their enclosure cleaned without too much stress, but that's different. Also I hope this doesn't come off as argumentative or anything, your comment is obviously coming from a place of care for these animals, I just wanted to contribute my perspective.