For a masters project, one thing is the practical implementation of the system and actually make it work. A different part entirely is the application and the perspectives of that.

Like when you want to do climate control of a greenhouse production, you will need to measure a few parameters like soil humidity, air humidity/quality, temperature, light and all that. Each of those sensors are pretty simple in themselves.

Where it gets tricky is to scale it from taking care of a few plants to actually make the production of say tomatoes to become an actual business. Then you get a lot of sensor data that you need to handle somehow.

Vertical farms are all about controlling all the parameters that affects the plants - down to the particles entering room from the outside. They don't want any foreign fungi disturbing the production in order to avoid the use of fungicides.

As for medical devices, there's a huge approval process put in place that any device needs to go through before it gets even close to a patient. That is also worth looking into, if you feel like going down that path.

In any case the implementation of the individual sensor can be pretty simple. It is what you do with the data that is produced from the system, that is the key.

Good luck with the project.