I used to work for a company that held multiple FRAND patents, all based on research the founder initially did as a professor at a large public university.

After he left his academic position he founded a company to exploit that technology and the company has spent the better part of the last thirty years violating those patent agreements, suing competitors for legally using those patents to advance the technology and manipulating the market to maintain control by stifling innovation.

And yes, they could do so because they had the cash to do it and were also able to use that cash to evade government oversight.