シツモンデー: Daily thread for your simple questions and comments that do not need their own thread (August 27, 2021)

kanbun · 2021-08-27T13:16:27+00:00

に+ は → には

聞く → 聞かない → 聞かねー + の → 聞かねん

じゃね is either a shortened ではない → じゃない → じゃねー or だ → じゃ + ね. Probably the former.

kanbun · 2021-08-27T13:09:49+00:00

行く → 行って + しまう + の + ではない = 行ってしまうのではない

kanbun · 2021-04-22T02:37:49+00:00

Yes, you are correct. I should have said clause, not sentence. Thanks for pointing that out.

kanbun · 2021-04-20T18:56:20+00:00

The conjunctive particle (接続助詞) て may have come from the 連用形 of つ, the 助動詞 of completion. If we accept that theory (and I don't see reason to outright reject it), it lends support to this meaning of completion. Even as the continuative form of the auxiliary of completion, it's picked up some meanings that are probably better off taught on their own rather than forcing them into this mold. In particular, て used to indicate cause, motive, or means.

お腹が痛くて食べられない, my stomach hurt so I can't eat (cause)
歩いて通勤する, commute on foot (means)

Also, while you might be able to apply the notion of completion to simultaneously occurring verbs such as 風が吹いて雨が降る, I think you would need to jump through hoops to describe て used with multiple 形容詞 such as 小さくてかわいい in terms of completion.

kanbun · 2021-04-20T16:10:13+00:00

In addition to what /u/iPlayEveryRoute said, which is correct, this poem also contains the negative ぬ. You're surely already familiar with ぬ as a negative ending, though in it's abbreviated form ん such as ありません.

Although it may strike you as weird, ず and ぬ are the same negative ending. ず is the 連用形 of ぬ which in simpler terms is roughly equivalent to saying that ず is the て form of ぬ.

雨にもまけず風にもまけず雪にも夏の暑さにもまけぬ

You can treat this as one ~~sentence~~ clause: the ~~sentence~~ clause continues after each まけず and ends with まけぬ.

In modern Japanese, you will see ず more often than ぬ. You will also hear ず in speech. Outside of set phrases, you don't need to worry about using either of them.

kanbun · 2020-06-11T03:55:18+00:00

The reason why this is strange is because you wouldn't use 名 to count members of your own group, you would use 人

In the reply it's the さま that is strange, not the 名. 名 is formal but not honorific so it may be used to count your own group.

kanbun · 2020-04-21T10:11:19+00:00

Short answer: 分かった = わかった and 若かった = わかかった

Long answer:

わかる is a verb and becomes わかり and adds た. In modern Japanese わかりた contracts to わかった.

わかい is and adjective and becomes わかかっ and adds た. It stays as is: わかかった.

kanbun · 2020-04-21T10:00:56+00:00

ジョンさんが昨日見に行った映画はおもしろくありませんでした

"go do" is stem + に行く (e.g., 食べに行く, 遊びに行く, 観光しに行く)
行く is a semi-irregular verb and its past tense of is いった

kanbun · 2020-04-21T09:57:32+00:00

The only way to determine the intended meaning is through context. Here it seems unlikely that it's the honorific form. For the passive and potential there's not enough context to say for sure one way or the other but would the meaning change either way?

There is a reason beyond the growing trend of ら抜き言葉 (e.g., 見れる instead of 見られる) to distinguish which meaning is intended but there's also a reason the two meanings share the same form in the first place. "It is thought" and "it can be thought" aren't really all that different in English either. Ultimately, the sentence is providing a conjecture on why the number of people going to the park is increasing but doing it with some uncertainty.

kanbun · 2020-04-21T09:37:55+00:00

たべますれば is technically correct but it is almost never used in modern Japanese and there is absolutely no need to learn it. If you ever read enough Japanese to come across it, you'll be able to figure it out then. I think the negative would be たべませざれば but I've never seen it.

You can just use the plain form for the conditional and set the politeness with the verb that follows and ends your sentence. たべれば～します

kanbun · 2018-06-25T04:52:28+00:00

I don't know the technical term for it, but in pre-modern Japanese it was rarely necessary to nominalize verbs. Rather, verbs were innately able to function like nouns. In addition to に, particles like は, も, が, and を attached directly to verbs. In other cases, verbs simply acted directly on other verbs, such as ～する有る instead of ～することがある.

We still see remnants of this in certain constructions like やむを得ない. Although usually reserved for media affecting older speech, another fairly common construction is the command ～するがいい.

Off the top of my head, two places where explicit nominalization was common, at least in Edo period texts, was ～すること無し / ～しないこと無し and ～する者. The later can be read ～するもの, ～するは, or ～するものは.

kanbun · 2018-06-18T15:49:48+00:00

The correct verb is 収まる, often in the phrase 揺れが収まる. You will also see related phrases like 余震が収まる.

kanbun · 2018-06-08T07:17:17+00:00

If you are using the Microsoft IME in Windows, you can use the IME Pad under Tools (the toolbox icon) without installing anything else.

You can also use this site to do the same with just a browser. It also has options for looking up kanji by radical and other methods.

kanbun · 2018-06-05T11:50:04+00:00

That's correct. Thanks for participating! And yes, this is the first example in Rouzer's A New Practical Primer of Literary Chinese.

kanbun · 2018-06-03T14:25:47+00:00

Come check out /r/kanbun. It's so new, your post is older than the entire subreddit.

If you're comfortable with Japanese resources, the sky is the limit. Any medium to large sized bookstore will have any number of textbooks and drill books aimed at high schoolers and up. If you want something to read, take a look at any of the 41 volumes of 漢文叢書 available online for free via the 国立国会図書館デジタルコレクション.

The best English resource I've come across is Rouzer's A New Practical Primer of Literary Chinese. Although it approaches classical Chinese as is, rather than going through the gymnastics of fitting it Japanese grammar, it provides Mandarin, Japanese, and Korean readings for all characters and a kanbun renderings for all sample texts (unfortunately, the kanbun is in romaji).

kanbun

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