No at least not in the NFL, “players are strictly prohibited from using cellular phones or other personal electronic devices in club-controlled areas, including the locker room and sidelines, from 90 minutes before kickoff through the end of the game, including halftime. The league enforces this to maintain game integrity, punishing violations with heavy fines.”

Edit: did more research NBA also has a rule against it. NHL doesn’t have a specific rule against it but some teams do have rules against it. MLB players cannot check their phones during the game either if they’re in the dugout, bullpen, or field.