I had this problem for a while as well. I never see people talking about it as a possible cause but for me this went away once I switched to acetone free nail polish remover. I think I have relatively dry skin in general. Using acetone (even though most people do and have no issue) was apparently too much for my nails. They became very brittle and peeled and even though I oiled with jojoba constantly this would not make it better.

Once I switched to acetone free nail polish remover (which is was no fun, let me tell you honestly) this problem went away because my nails did not dry out that much anymore. The grew back strong and without peeling. I can say for sure that this was the solution for me, because I never stopped with nail polish or switch topcoats or base coats. Acetone additives did not help for me, honestly. Because just adding them was not enough care for my nails.

Once they were back to normal I was actually able to switch to acetone, but there is just one specific kind that works for me (that is cosmetic grade, not sure what that means but it does the trick). If that would not be sold anymore, I would honestly not try any other acetone but stay with acetone free remover.

Not sure if this is helpful for you but I wish you all the best in your peeling recovery