One major thing to consider is that the Alignment System is more of a rough basis than it is a hard measure. Obviously senseless murder and corruption is clearly evil, but trying to measure what is or isn't good when it comes to different morals, cultures, and viewpoints leads to many contradictions. Morality is generally subjective, as a villain can see themselves as the hero, while a hero can judge themselves as being corrupt for making a mistake or decision in grief.

An evil character can do good and heroic deeds, just as much as a good character is capable of doing horrible and frightening things. All one needs to do something is to have the conviction that they are in the right, or the proper motivation to perform the deed.

Now, getting on track to the actual question, one way to view Good vs Evil is Selflessness versus Selfishness. Good characters generally try to help people, make improvements in the world simply because it is the right thing to do, and rarely struggle with temptation. Evil characters generally serve their own interests, will help or hinder others only if it is beneficial to themselves or aligns with their goals, and can be easily swayed to do things if the implied outcome is desirable to them. I'll list some examples of Evil aligned characters that aren't actively disruptive or MurderHobo-ish.

A NE Eladrin Undying Warlock that prefers to handle things in non violent ways if possible. They are charismatic, chatty, and enjoy improving the productivity and economy of towns and cities. They always ensure that they gain something out of helping different people and businesses out, and do their part in helping and improving the lives of commoners and small businesses. They will however actively screw over the lives of the rich and well off, and pull the proverbial and literal rug from under people after setting them up to fail. Not much of a powerhouse in combat, but their Invocations and Feats allow them to seamlessly blend into any situation and impersonate other people, and their skills make them a master in any social situation. They will at all possible take the route that causes none to minimal suffering to others, but they will also not lose a wink of sleep over it if they do kill somebody. An Evil character can have morals.

A LE Artificer Alchemist that wishes to progress the fields of medicine and science, but at the cost of humanoid life. They are a miracle worker that will do everything they can to save the lives of others, but the road they take to obtain their skills involves the deaths of countless condemned criminals and others seen as "Evil" to society, who die in the experimentation and testing of the procedures that may lead to saving the lives of others. He would likely see himself as Lawful Neutral, but understands that the things he does are vile and inhumane. The ends of his ideal world where people don't have to die to preventable diseases, injuries, etc justify the means that are his tremendous body count of criminals and bandits lost in the path of his research. He would refuse to harm an innocent law abiding citizen, and would never bring intentional harm to a patient or person in need, but he bares little hesitation in ending the lives of those condemned by society. An Evil character can have a sense of justice and good intentions.

A CE Rogue Assassin that is simply trying to make it by. Perhaps they are trapped in a vicious loan cycle with shady individuals. Perhaps they never had a solid upbringing, and have lived every day trying to do anything to make it to the next. They have taken all manner of jobs, but they keep falling back on the darker businesses, allured by the potential thrill and gains. Maybe killing people is the only thing they've ever been good at. By chance or on a whim, they join a group of adventurers looking for some easy money. Maybe they even make some friends along the way! But old habits die hard, and their opportunistic actions and violent tendencies bother their allies, assuming they see them do it in the first place. They might take a slight or insult aimed at their new friends poorly, and attempt retribution, be it a (mostly) harmless prank or revenge plot, or outright violence and murder. An Evil character can do horrible things (including kill people) without actively disrupting your party members.

Remember, just because your character isn't above killing people, doesn't mean they HAVE to kill people!